1.

The ENERGY STAR name and Common Logo may never be used in any manner that would imply endorsement of a company, its products, or its services. Neither the Common Logo nor the ENERGY STAR name may be used in any other company name or logo, product name, service name, domain name, or Web site title, nor may the Common Logo, the ENERGY STAR name, or any similar mark be applied for as a trademark, or as part of a trademark by any entity other than the U.S. EPA.

2.

The ENERGY STAR name and Common Logo may never be used in a manner that would disparage ENERGY STAR, EPA, the Department of Energy, the European Community, the European Commission, or any other government body.

3.

The Common Logo may never be associated with products that do not qualify as ENERGY STAR.

4.

Partners and other authorised organisations are responsible for their own use of the ENERGY STAR name and Common Logo, as well as use by their representatives, such as ad agencies and implementation contractors.

—

The ENERGY STAR name should always appear in capital letters;

—

The registration symbol ® must be used with the first time the words ‘ENERGY STAR’ appear in material for the U.S. market;

and

—

The ® symbol should always be in superscript;

—

There shall be no space between the words ‘ENERGY STAR’ and the ® symbol;

—

The ® symbol shall be repeated in a document for each chapter title or Web page.

—

On a qualifying and registered product;

—

In product literature for a qualifying product;

—

On the Web to identify a qualifying product;

—

In advertising where it is used near to or on a qualifying product;

—

On Point of Purchase materials;

—

On qualifying product packaging.

—

Do not use the mark on non-qualifying products.

—

Do not alter the mark by using the ENERGY STAR symbol block without the block containing the name ‘ENERGY STAR’.

—

Do not make the mark an outline.

—

Do not use a white mark on a white background.

—

Do not change the colours of the mark.

—

Do not distort the mark in any way.

—

Do not alter the lock up of the mark.

—

Do not place the mark on a busy image.

—

Do not rotate the mark.

—

Do not separate any of the mark's elements.

—

Do not substitute any part of the mark.

—

Do not use any other typeface to replace part of the mark.

—

Do not violate the clear space of the mark.

—

Do not skew the mark.

—

Do not change the size of the mark lock up.

—

Do not replace the approved wording.

—

Do not use the Common logo in an unapproved colour.

—

Do not let text run into the mark.

—

Do not use the symbol block alone. The ENERGY STAR name must appear as well.

—

Do not delete the symbol block from the mark.

1.

Computer: A desktop, tower or mini-tower, or portable unit, including high-end desktop computers, personal computers, workstations, network computer desktops, X terminal controllers, and computer-based point-of-sale retail terminals. To qualify, the unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet, but this does not preclude units that are capable of being powered from a wall outlet and also from a battery. This definition is intended primarily to cover computers sold for use in businesses or homes. This definition of a computer does not include computers sold or otherwise marketed as ‘File Server’ or ‘Server’.

2.

Monitor: A cathode-ray tube (CRT), flat panel display (e.g. a liquid crystal display) or other display device and its associated electronics. A monitor may be sold separately or integrated into the computer chassis. This definition is intended primarily to cover standard monitors designed for use with computers. For purposes of this specification, however, the following may also be considered a monitor: mainframe terminals, and physically separate display units.

3.

Integrated computer system: Systems in which the computer and visual display monitor are combined into a single unit. Such systems must meet all of the following criteria: it is not possible to measure the power consumption of the two components separately; and the system is connected to the wall outlet through a single power cable.

4.

Inactivity: A period of time during which a computer does not encounter any user input (e.g. keyboard input or mouse movement).

5.

Low-power or ‘sleep’ mode: The reduced power state that the computer enters after a period of inactivity.

6.

Wake events: A user, programmed, or external event or stimulus that causes the computer to transition from its low-power/.sleep. mode to its active mode of operation. Examples of wake events include, but are not limited to, movement of the mouse, keyboard activity or a button press on the chassis and, in the case of external events, stimulus conveyed via a telephone, remote control, network, cable modem, satellite, etc.

1.

Technical specifications

2.

Shipment Settings: In order to ensure that the maximum number of users take advantage of the low-power/‘sleep’ state, Program Participant shall ship its computers and/or integrated computer systems with the power management feature enabled. The default time for all products shall be pre-set for less than 30 minutes. (EPA recommends that the pre-set time be set between 15 and 30 minutes). The user shall have the ability to change the time settings or disable the sleep/low-power mode.

3.

Operating Systems: The proper activation of a computer's low-power/‘sleep’ mode is typically contingent upon the installation and use of a particular version of an operating system. If a computer is shipped from the Program Participant with one or more operating systems, the computer shall be capable of entering and fully recovering from the low-power/‘sleep’ sleep mode while running in at least one of those operating systems. If the computer is not shipped with operating system software, the Program Participant shall clearly specify which mechanism will render the computer ENERGY STAR qualified. In addition, if any special software, hardware drivers, or utilities are necessary for the proper activation and recovery of the sleep mode, they must be installed in the computer. The Program Participant shall include this information in product literature (e.g. user's manual or data sheets) and/or on its Internet website. Brochures and advertisements shall be worded to avoid misleading statements.

4.

Monitor Control: The computer shall include one or more mechanisms through which it can activate the low-power modes of an ENERGY STAR qualified monitor. Program Participant shall clearly specify in product literature the manner in which its computer can control ENERGY STAR qualified monitors, and any special circumstances that must exist in order for monitor power management to be accomplished. Program Participant shall set the computer's default to activate the monitor's first low-power or sleep mode within 30 minutes of user inactivity. Program Participant shall also set the default time for the next level of power management such that the monitor enters the second low-power or ‘deep sleep’ mode within 60 minutes of inactivity. The combined total of the default times for both low-power modes shall not exceed 60 minutes. Program Participant can choose to set the computer to activate the monitor to enter the second low-power or ‘deep sleep’ mode directly within 30 minutes of inactivity.

The user shall have the ability to change the time settings or disable the low-power modes for the monitor control. This monitor control requirement does not apply to integrated computer systems. However, integrated computer systems that are marketed and sold as part of a docking system shall have the capability to automatically control the power of an externally connected monitor.

1.

Test Conditions: Outlined below are the ambient test conditions which should be established when performing the power measurement. These are necessary in order to ensure that outside factors do not affect the test results, and that test results can be reproduced later.

Line Impedance: < 0.25 ohm

Total Harmonic Distortion: < 5 %

Voltage:

Input AC Voltage (2): 115 VAC RMS ± 5 V RMS

Input AC Frequency (3): 60 Hz ± 3 Hz

Ambient Temperature: 25 deg. C ± 3 deg. C

2.

Testing Equipment: The goal is to accurately measure the TRUE power consumption (4) of the device or monitor. This necessitates the use of a True RMS Watt-Meter. There are many watt-meters to choose from, but manufacturers will need to exercise care in selecting an appropriate model. The following factors should be considered when purchasing a meter and setting up the actual test.

Crest Factor:

A previous version of the ENERGY STAR testing procedure included a requirement that manufacturers utilise a watt-meter with a crest factor greater than 8. As many Program Participants pointed out, this is not a useful or relevant requirement. The following paragraphs are meant to discuss the issues relating to crest factor and to clarify the intent of the initial incorrect statement. Unfortunately, in order to remedy the error, the ENERGY STAR program cannot provide a specific equipment requirement. Testing is as much art as it is science, and manufacturers and testers will have to exercise judgement, and draw on people well versed in testing issues, to select an appropriate meter.

To begin, it is important to understanding that devices which contain switching power supplies draw current in a waveform different from typical sinusoidal current (5). Figure 1 shows the typical current waveform for a typical switched electronic device. While virtually any watt-meter can measure a standard current waveform, it is more difficult to select a watt meter when irregular current waveforms are involved.

It is critical that the watt-meter selected be capable of reading the current drawn by the device without causing internal peak distortion (i.e., clipping off the top of the current wave). This requires a review of the meter's crest factor (6), and of the current ranges available on the meter. Better meters will have higher crest factors, and more choices of current ranges.

When preparing the test, the first step should be to determine the peak current (amps) associated with the device being measured. This can be accomplished using an oscilloscope. Then a current range must be selected that will enable the meter to register the peak current. Specifically, the full scale value of the current range selected multiplied by the crest factor of the meter (for current) must be greater than the peak current reading from the oscilloscope. For example, if a watt meter has a crest factor of 4, and the current range is set on 3 amps, the meter can register current spikes of up to 12 amps. If measured peak current is only 6 amps, the meter would be satisfactory. The other concern to be aware of is that if the current range is set too high in order to register peak current, it may lose accuracy in measuring the non-peak current. Therefore, some delicate balancing is necessary. Again, with more current range choices and higher crest factors you will get better results.

Frequency Response:

Another issue to consider when selecting a watt-meter is the frequency response rating of the meter. Electronic equipment that contains switching power supplies causes harmonics (odd harmonics typically up to the 21st). These harmonics must be accounted for in power measurement, or the Wattage consumption will be inaccurate. Accordingly, ENERGY STAR recommends that manufacturers purchase watt-meters that have a frequency response of at least 3 kHz. This will account for harmonics up to the 50th, and is recommended by IEC 555.

Resolution:

Manufacturers will probably want a meter than can provide resolution of 0.1 W.

Accuracy:

Another feature to consider is the resulting accuracy you will be able to achieve. Catalogues and specification sheets for watt-meters typically provide information on the accuracy of power readings that can be achieved at different range settings. If you are measuring a product that is very close to the maximum energy consumption for the mode being tested, you will need to set up a test that will provide greater accuracy.

Calibration:

Watt meters should be calibrated every year to maintain their accuracy.

3.

Test Method: Manufacturers should measure the Average power consumption of the devices when in the off or low-power modes. This should be done by measuring the Energy consumption over a 1-hour period. The resulting energy consumption can be divided by 1 hour to calculate average Watts.

Power Measurement for Energy Saving Modes: This test should be conducted for each of the energy saving modes (e.g., low-power, off, standby, sleep) applicable to a particular device for ENERGY STAR qualification. Prior to the start of this test, the machine should have been plugged in to a live power line but turned off and stabilised at room ambient conditions for at least 12 hours. An appropriate watt-hour meter should be in line with the machine, ready to give an accurate indication of machine energy consumption without disruption of the power source. This measurement may be done sequentially with the off-mode power measurement; the two tests together should take no more than 14 hours to perform, including the time required for the machine to be plugged in and turned off.

Turn on the device, and let it go through its warm-up cycle. After the default time to the energy saving mode has passed, read and record the watt-hour meter indication and the time (or start the stopwatch or timer). After 1 hour, read and record the watt-hour indication again. The difference between the two readings of the watt-hour meter is the low-power mode energy use; divide by 1 hour to obtain the average power rating.

1.

Computer Monitor (also referred to as ‘Monitor’): A commercially-available, electronic product with a display screen and its associated electronics encased in a single housing that is capable of displaying output information from a computer via one or more inputs, such as VGA, DVI, and/or IEEE 1394. The monitor usually relies upon a cathode-ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), or other display device. This definition is intended primarily to cover standard monitors designed for use with computers. To qualify, the computer monitor must have a viewable diagonal screen size greater than 12 inches and must be capable of being powered by a separate AC wall outlet or a battery unit that is sold with an AC adapter. Computer monitors with a tuner/receiver may qualify as Energy Star under this specification as long as they are marketed and sold to consumers as computer monitors (i.e., focusing on computer monitor as the primary function) or as dual function computer monitors and televisions. However, products with a tuner/receiver and computer capability that are marketed and sold as televisions are not included in this specification.

2.

On Mode/Active Power: The product is connected to a power source and produces an image. The power requirement in this mode is typically greater than the power requirement in Sleep and Off Modes.

3.

Sleep Mode/Low Power: The reduced power state that the computer monitor enters after receiving instructions from a computer or via other functions. A blank screen and reduction in power consumption characterise this mode. The computer monitor returns to On Mode with full operational capability upon sensing a request from a user/computer (e.g., user moves the mouse or presses a key on the keyboard).

4.

Off Mode/Standby Power: The lowest power consumption mode which cannot be switched off (influenced) by the user and that may persist for an indefinite time when a computer monitor is connected to the main electricity supply and used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. For purposes of this specification, Off Mode is defined as the power state when the product is connected to a power source, produces no images, and is waiting to be switched to On Mode by a direct signal from a user/computer (e.g., user pushes power switch) (7).

5.

Hard Off Mode: A condition where the product is still plugged into the mains, but has been disconnected from an external power source. This mode is usually engaged by the consumer via a ‘hard off switch.’ While in this mode, a product will not draw any electricity and will usually measure 0 watts when metered.

6.

Disconnect: The product has been unplugged from the mains and therefore is disconnected from all external power sources.

1.

On Mode/Active Power: To qualify as ENERGY STAR, computer monitor models must not exceed the following maximum active power consumption equation: If X < 1 megapixel, then Y = 23; if X > 1 megapixel, then Y = 28X. Y is expressed in watts and rounded up to the nearest whole number and X is the number of megapixels in decimal form (e.g., 1 920 000 pixels = 1.92 megapixels). For example, the maximum power consumption for a computer monitor with 1 024 × 768 resolution (or .78 megapixels) would be Y = 23 watts and for a computer monitor with 1 600 × 1 200 resolution would be 28(1.92) = 53.76 or 54 watts when rounded up

To qualify a computer monitor as ENERGY STAR, it must be tested according to the protocol outlined in Section II.D, Test Methodology.

2.

Sleep and Off Modes

1.

Product Testing Set-up and Conditions

2.

Product Testing Methodology

3.

Product Testing Documentation

Submittal of Qualified Product Data: Partners are required to self-certify those product models that meet the Energy Star guidelines and report information on an ENERGY STAR QPI form. ENERGY STAR qualifying product data, including information about new as well as discontinued models, must be provided on an annual basis, or more frequently if desired by the manufacturer.

1.

Printer: Imaging equipment, manufactured as a standard model, that serves as a hard-copy output device, and is capable of receiving information from single-user or networked computers. In addition, the unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet. This definition is intended to cover products that are advertised and sold as printers including printers that can be upgraded to a multifunction device (MFD) (10).

2.

Fax Machine: Imaging equipment, manufactured as a standard model, that serves as a hard copy output device whose primary function is sending and receiving information. Plain paper fax machines are covered under this Specification (e.g., ink jet/bubble jet, laser/LED, and thermal transfer). The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet. This definition is intended to cover products that are advertised and sold as fax machines.

3.

Combination Printer/Fax Machine: Imaging equipment manufactured as a standard model that serves as both a fully-functional printer and fax machine, as defined above. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed and sold as a combination printer/fax device.

4.

Mailing Machine: Imaging equipment that serves to print postage onto mail pieces. The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet. This definition is intended to cover products that are advertised and sold as mailing machines.

5.

Print Speed: Pages per minute (ppm) measures the printing speed of a model. Print speed corresponds to the product's print speed as advertised by Program Participant. For Line Printers (e.g., dot matrix/impact printers), print speed is based on the method established in ISO 10561.

For wide format printers designed to handle primarily A2 or 17″ × 32″ paper or larger, the print speed is specified in terms of monochrome text output at the default resolution. The print speed measured as A2 or A0-sized prints per minute, shall be converted into A4-sized print speeds as follows: (a) One A2 print per minute is equivalent to four A4 prints per minute; (b) One A0 print per minute is equivalent to 16 A4 prints per minute.

For mailing machines, pages per minute (ppm) are considered equivalent to mail pieces per minute (ppm).

6.

Accessory: A piece of additional equipment that is not necessary for the standard operation of the base unit, but may be added before or after shipping in order to enhance or change printer performance. Examples of accessories include finishers, sorters, additional paper supply devices, and duplex units. An accessory may be sold separately under its own model number, or sold with a base unit as part of a printer.

7.

Active Mode: The condition (or mode) in which the product is producing hard copy output or receiving hard copy input. The power requirement in this mode is typically greater than the power requirement in standby mode.

8.

Standby Mode: The condition that exists when the product is not producing hard copy output or receiving hard copy input and is consuming less power than when producing such output or receiving such input. The transition from Standby Mode to Active Mode should cause no noticeable delay in the production of hard copy output.

9.

Sleep Mode: The condition that exists when the product is not producing hard copy output or receiving hard copy input and is consuming less power than when in standby mode. In the transition from Sleep Mode to Active Mode, there may be some delay in the production of hard copy output, however there shall be no delay in the acceptance of information from a network or other input sources. The product enters this mode within a specified time period after the last hard copy output was produced.

10.

Default Time To Sleep Mode: The time period set by the Program Participant prior to shipping that determines when the product will enter the Sleep Mode. The default time shall be measured from the time that the last piece of hard copy output was produced.

11.

Duplexing: The process of producing text, an image, or a combination of text and image on both sides of a single sheet of paper.

12.

Standard Model: The term used to describe a product and its bundled features as marketed and sold by the Program Participant and as manufactured for its intended use.

13.

Wake Event: As used in this agreement, a ‘wake event’ is defined as a user, programmed, or external event or stimulus that causes the unit to transition from its standby or Sleep Mode to its active mode of operation. A ‘wake event’ as defined in this Specification does not include network related polling queries or ‘pings’ that commonly occur in network environments.

1.

Technical Specifications

2.

Exceptions and Clarifications

After shipping, the ENERGY STAR Program Participant or its designated service representative shall not alter the models covered by this Specification in any way that will affect the products' ability to meet the specifications outlined above. Two exceptions follow:

1.

Test Conditions: Outlined below are the ambient test conditions which should be established when performing the power measurement. These are necessary in order to ensure that outside factors do not affect the test results, and that test results can be reproduced later.

Line Impedance: < 0.25 ohm

Total Harmonic Distortion: < 5 %

(Voltage)

Ambient Temperature: 25 deg. C ± 3 deg. C

Input AC Voltage: 115 VAC RMS ± 5 V RMS

Input AC Frequency: 60 Hz ± 3 Hz

2.

Testing Equipment: The provisions of Section I.C.2 apply.

3.

Test Method: The provisions of Section I.C.3 apply.

1.

Copier: A commercial reprographic imaging unit whose sole function is the production of duplicates from a graphic hard copy original. A copier must include a marking system, an imaging system, and a paper handling module. All black and white plain paper copier technologies are covered under this Specification, though the intent is to focus on widely-used standard copier equipment such as light lens copiers. The Specifications outlined below apply to standard-sized copiers designed to handle A4 or 8.5″ × 11″ paper and large format copiers designed to handle A2 or 17″ × 22″ paper or larger.

2.

Copier Speed: Copies per minute (cpm) measures the reproduction speed of the copier. One copy is defined as one 8.5″ × 11″ or A4-sized page. Double-sided copies are considered as two images and therefore two copies even though they are copied onto one piece of paper. For all copier models sold in the U.S. market, measurement of copier speed shall be based on 8.5″ × 11″ letter-sized paper. For copiers sold in markets other than the U.S., copier speed shall be based on either 8.5″ × 11″ or A4-sized paper, depending on which is standard in a particular market.

For large format copiers designed to handle primarily A2 or 17″ × 22″ paper or larger, the copier speed measured as A2- or A0-sized copies per minute shall be converted to A4-sized copier speeds as follows: (a) One A2 copy per minute is equivalent to four A4 copies per minute, and (b) One A0 copy per minute is equivalent to 16 A4 copies per minute.

Copiers qualified as ENERGY STAR shall be divided into five categories: low speed standard-sized copiers, medium speed standard-sized copiers, high speed standard-sized copiers, low speed large format copiers, and medium and high speed large format copiers.

3.

Base Unit: For a given engine speed, the base unit is defined as the most basic version of a copier that is actually sold as a fully operational model. The base unit is typically designed and shipped in a single piece, and does not include any external power-consuming accessories that may be sold separately.

4.

Accessory: A piece of additional equipment that is not necessary for the standard operation of the base unit, but that may be added before or after shipping in order to enhance or change copier performance. An accessory may be sold separately under its own model number, or sold with a base unit as part of a copier package or configuration. Examples of accessories include: sorters, large capacity paper feeders, etc. It is assumed that the addition of an accessory, irrespective of its own power consumption, will not substantially increase (more than 10 percent) the off mode power consumption of the base unit. Any accessories shall not impede the normal operation of the auto-off and low-power features.

5.

Copier Model: For purposes of this Specification, a copier model is defined as a base unit and one or more specific accessories that are advertised and sold to consumers under a single model number. When advertised and sold to consumers without any additional accessories, a base unit is also considered a copier model.

6.

Low-Power Mode: For purposes of this Specification, the low-power mode is the lowest power state the copier can automatically enter within some period of copier inactivity, without actually turning off. The copier enters this mode within a specified period of time after the last copy was made. For purposes of determining the power consumption in this low-power mode, the company may choose to measure the lowest of either the energy-saver mode or the standby mode.

7.

Energy-Saver Mode: The condition that exists when the machine is not making copies, has previously reached operating conditions but is consuming less power than when the machine is in stand-by mode. When the copier is in this mode, there may be some delay before the copier will be capable of making the next copy.

8.

Standby Mode: The condition that exists when the machine is not making copies, has reached operating conditions and is ready to make a copy, but has not yet entered into energy-saver mode. When the copier is in this mode, there will be virtually no delay before the copier is capable of making the next copy.

9.

Off Mode: For purposes of this Specification, the off mode is defined as the condition that exists when the copier is connected to an appropriate electrical source, and has been recently shut off via the auto-off feature (14). When measuring power in this mode, control equipment for remote servicing may be excluded.

10.

Auto-off Feature: For purposes of this Specification, the auto-off feature is defined as the ability for the copier to automatically shut itself off within a specified period of time after the last copy was made. The copier shall automatically enter its off mode after execution of this feature.

11.

Plug-in Mode: The condition that exists when the machine is connected to an appropriate electrical source and is not turned on. To turn the copier on, the user typically needs to manually restart the copier via the on/off switch.

12.

Default Times: The time period set by the Program Participant prior to shipping that determines when the copier will enter its various modes, i.e., the low-power mode, the off mode, etc. Both the off mode default times and the low-power mode default times shall be measured from the time the last copy was made.

13.

Recovery Time: The amount of time needed to bring the copier from a low-power mode to the standby mode.

14.

Automatic Duplex Mode: The mode in which the copier automatically places images on both sides of a copy sheet, by automatically sending both the copy sheet and the graphic original through the copier model. Examples of this are one-sided to two-sided copying, or two-sided to two-sided copying. For purposes of this Specification, a copier model is considered to have an automatic duplex mode only if the copier model includes all accessories needed to satisfy the above conditions, i.e., an automatic document feeder and accessories for automatic duplexing capabilities.

15.

Weekly Timer: An internal device that turns a copier on and off at predetermined times each business day. When programming a timer, the customer shall be able to distinguish between business days and weekends/holidays (i.e., a timer shall not turn on a copier on Saturday and Sunday mornings if employees are not normally in the office on weekends). The customer shall also have the ability to disable the timer. Weekly timers are optional features, and therefore are not required on Energy Star compliant copiers. If included in copier models, weekly timers shall not conflict with the functioning of the low-power and auto-off features.

1.

Technical Specifications

To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a copier shall meet the Specifications outlined below:

Table 9

Criteria for ENERGY STAR Qualified Copiers

Program Participant shall set the default times for the auto-off feature to the levels specified in the Table above. The default times for the off mode and the low-power mode shall be measured from the time the last copy was made.

For all copier speeds where it is optional that the duplex mode be set as the default, if a model is shipped with automatic duplexing capabilities, then it is recommended that duplexing be set as the default mode. Program Participant may provide users with the ability to override this default duplex mode for single-sided copies.

2.

Exceptions and Clarifications

After shipping, Program Participant or its designated service representative shall not alter the copier model in any way that will affect the copier's ability to meet the specifications outlined above. Certain exceptions are allowed in changing the default times, the off mode specifications, and the duplex mode. These exceptions are as follows:

1.

Test Conditions: Outlined below are the ambient test conditions which should be established when performing the power measurement. These are necessary in order to ensure that outside factors do not affect the test results, and that test results can be reproduced later.

Line Impedance: < 0.25 ohm

Total Harmonic Distortion: < 3 %

Ambient Temperature: 21 deg. C ± 3 deg. C

Relative Humidity: 40 – 60 %

Distance From Wall: 2 ft. min.

Other Market-Specific Criteria:

2.

Testing Equipment: The provisions of Section I.C 2 apply.

3.

Test Method: The provisions of Section I.C.3 apply.

1.

Scanner: For purposes of this Specification, a scanner is defined as an electro-optical device for converting colour or black-and-white information into electronic images that can be stored, edited, converted, or transmitted primarily in a personal computing environment. Scanners defined as such are typically used for digitizing hard-copy images. The intent of this Specification is to focus on widely-used desktop scanners (e.g., flatbed, sheet-fed, and film scanners); however, high-end office document management scanners that meet the specifications outlined below may qualify for the Energy Star logo. This Specification is for stand-alone scanners; it does not cover multifunction products with scanning capabilities, network scanners (i.e., scanners that connect exclusively to a network and are capable of managing the scanned information for transmissions to multiple locations on the network), or scanners that are not powered directly by the building power supply.

2.

Base Unit: The base unit is defined as the most basic version of a scanner that is actually sold as a fully operational model. The base unit is typically designed and shipped in a single piece, and does not include any external power-consuming accessories that may be sold separately.

3.

Scanner Model: For purposes of this Specification, a scanner model is defined as a base unit and one or more specific accessories that are advertised and sold to consumers under a single model number. When advertised and sold to consumers without any additional accessories, a base unit is also considered a scanner model.

4.

Accessory: Any piece of additional equipment that is not necessary for the standard operation of the scanner, but that may be added in order to enhance or change scanner performance. An accessory may be sold separately under its own model number, or sold with a base unit as part of a scanner package or configuration. Examples of accessories include automatic document feeders (ADFs) and transparency adaptors.

5.

Low-power Mode: For purposes of this Specification, the low-power mode is the lowest power state the scanner is designed to enter after some period of inactivity, without actually turning off. The scanner enters this mode within a specified period of time after the last image was scanned.

6.

Default Time: The time period set by the Program Participant prior to shipping that determines when the scanner will enter the low-power mode. The low-power mode default time shall be measured from the time the last image was scanned.

1.

Test Conditions: Outlined below are the ambient test conditions which should be established when performing the power measurement. These are necessary in order to ensure that outside factors do not affect the test results, and that test results can be reproduced later.

Line Impedance: < 0.25 ohm

Total Harmonic Distortion: < 5 %

Ambient Temperature: 25 deg. C ± 3 deg. C

Input AC Voltage: 115 VAC RMS ± 5 V RMS

Input AC Frequency: 60 Hz ± 3 Hz

2.

Testing Equipment: The provisions of Section I.C.2 apply.

3.

Test Method: The provisions of Section I.C.3 apply.

1.

Multifunction Device: A Multifunction Device (MFD) is a physically integrated device or a combination of functionally integrated components (the ‘base unit’, see definition below) that produces hard copy duplicates from graphical hard copy originals (distinct from single sheet convenience copying, see next paragraph) as well as performing one or both of the following core functions: printing of documents (from digital information received from direct connect computers, networked computers, file servers and fax transmissions) or faxing (send and receive). An MFD may also include scanning to computer file or any other capabilities not listed in this Specification. The device may be connected to a network, and may output black & white, grey scale, or colour images. EPA anticipates that a separate Specification may ultimately be required to cover colour devices, because of likely technological developments related to colour imaging, but for now these devices are included in this Specification.

This Specification covers products that are marketed and sold as multifunction equipment whose primary function is copying but that are able to perform one or both of the additional core functions of printing or faxing. Devices whose primary function is faxing, and offer limited sheet copying capabilities (so-called single sheet ‘convenience copying’) are covered under the printer/fax Specification.

If the MFD is not a single integrated unit but a set of functionally integrated components, then the manufacturer must certify that when installed correctly in the field the sum of all power use for all MFD components comprising the base unit will achieve the power levels listed below to qualify as an ENERGY STAR Qualified MFD.

Some digital copiers can be upgraded into an MFD in the field with the installation of add-on devices that allow printing or faxing capabilities. Program Participants may consider this system of components to be an MFD, and may qualify it according to the specifications in Tables 11 and 12. However, when the digital copier is sold independently of the add-on devices, the copier must qualify according to the upgradeable digital copier specifications in Table 13 and 14.

Some printers can be upgraded into an MFD in the field with the installation of add-on devices that allow copying (not just single sheet convenience copying) and may also allow faxing capabilities. Program Participants may consider this system of components to be an MFD, and may qualify it according to the MFD specifications. However, when sold independently, the printer cannot be represented as an ENERGY STAR qualified device unless it meets the ENERGY STAR specification for printers, in Section III.

2.

Image reproduction speed: Images per minute (ipm) measures the image reproduction speed specified in terms of monochrome text output per minute at the default resolution of the MFD. One image is defined as one 8.5″ × 11″ or A4-sized printed page of single-spaced monochrome text output, 12 point type, Times font, 1″ (2.54 cm) margins on all sides of the page. Double-sided prints or copies count as two images even though they are printed on one piece of paper. If at a later date EPA creates a test procedure specifically designed to measure print speed, then that test procedure shall supersede the output speed specifications listed in this section.

For all multifunction device models, engine speed shall be based on either 8.5″ × 11″ or A4-sized paper, depending on which is the standard in a particular market. If copier and print speeds are different, whichever speed is higher shall be used to determine to which speed category the device belongs.

For large format multifunction device models designed to handle primarily A2 or 17″ × 22″ paper or larger, the reproduction speed measured as A2 or A0-sized images per minute, shall be converted into A4-sized image reproduction speeds, as follows:

Multifunction Devices will be divided into the following categories:

Personal Multifunction Devices: Multifunction devices with an engine speed for producing multiple images of 10 images per minute or less.

Low Speed Multifunction Devices: Multifunction devices with an engine speed for producing multiple images of greater than 10 and less than or equal to 20 images per minute.

Medium Speed Multifunction Devices: Multifunction devices with an engine speed for producing multiple images of greater than 20 and less than or equal to 44 images per minute.

Medium/High Speed Multifunction Devices: Multifunction devices with an engine speed for producing multiple images of greater than 44 and less than or equal to 100 images per minute.

High Speed Multifunction Devices (15) Multifunction devices with an engine speed for producing multiple images of greater than 100 images per minute.

3.

Base Unit: For a given engine speed, the base unit is defined as the most basic version of a multifunction device that is actually sold as a fully operational model. The base unit can be designed and shipped as a single piece or as a combination of functionally integrated components. The base unit must allow copying and one or both of the additional core functions of printing or faxing. The base unit does not include any external power-consuming accessories that may be sold separately.

4.

Accessories: A piece of additional equipment that is not necessary for the standard operation of the base unit, but that may be added before or after shipping in order to enhance or change multifunction device performance. Examples of accessories include: sorters, large capacity paper feeders, paper finishing equipment, large paper supply devices, output paper organisers, and key counters. An accessory may be sold separately under its own model number, or sold with a base unit as part of a multifunction device package or configuration. It is assumed that the addition of any accessories will not substantially increase (more than a total of 10 percent for all accessories) the low-power or sleep mode power consumption of the base unit (irrespective of the power consumption of the accessories). Any accessories shall not impede the normal operation of the low-power and sleep mode features.

5.

Multifunction Device Model: For purposes of this Specification, a multifunction device model is defined as a base unit and one or more specific accessories that are advertised and sold to consumers under a single model number. When advertised and sold to consumers without any additional accessories, a base unit is also considered a multifunction device model.

6.

Standby Mode: The condition that exists when the machine is not producing output, has reached operating conditions and is ready to make hard copy output, but has not yet entered into the low-power mode. When the multifunction device is in this mode, there will be virtually no delay before the multifunction device is capable of making the next hard copy output.

7.

Low-power Mode: For purposes of this Specification, the low-power mode is the condition that exists when the multifunction device is not producing hard copy output and is consuming less power than when in a standby mode. When the multifunction device is in this mode there may be some delay in the production of hard copy output. In this mode there shall be no delay in the acceptance of information from fax or printing or scanning input sources. The multifunction device enters this mode within a specified period of time after the last hard copy output was made no matter what the input source. For products that meet the low-power mode power requirements in standby mode, no further power reductions are required.

8.

Sleep Mode: For purposes of this Specification, the sleep mode is the lowest power state the multifunction device can automatically enter without actually turning off. In this mode both hard copy output and the acceptance of imaging information from some input ports may be delayed. The multifunction device enters the sleep mode within a specified period of time after the last hard copy output was made or after it has entered the low-power mode if a low-power mode is provided.

9.

Default Times: The time period set by the Program Participant prior to shipping that determines when the multifunction device will enter its various modes.(i.e., the low-power mode, the sleep mode, etc. Both the sleep mode default times and the low-power mode default times shall be measured from the time the last hard copy output was made.)

10.

Recovery Time: The amount of time needed to bring the multifunction device from the low- power mode to the standby mode.

11.

Automatic Duplex Mode: The mode in which the multifunction device automatically places images on both sides of a sheet by automatically sending both the sheet and the graphic original through the multifunction device. Examples of this are one-sided to two-sided copying, two-sided to two-sided copying, or double-sided printing. For purposes of this Specification, a multifunction device model is considered to have an automatic duplex mode only if the multifunction device model includes all accessories needed to satisfy the above conditions (i.e., an automatic document feeder and accessories for automatic duplexing capabilities).

12.

Weekly Timer: An internal device that turns a multifunction device on and off at predetermined times each day. When programming a timer, the customer shall be able to distinguish between business days and weekends/holidays (i.e., a timer shall not turn on a copier on Saturday and Sunday mornings if employees are not normally in the office on weekends). The customer shall also have the ability to disable the timer. Weekly timers are optional features, and therefore are not required on ENERGY STAR Qualified MFDs. If included in multifunction device models, weekly timers shall not conflict with the functioning of the low-power and sleep mode features.

13.

Upgradeable Digital Copier: A commercial reprographic imaging unit whose sole function is the production of duplicates from a graphic hard copy original using digital imaging technology, but that provides the option of being upgraded to offer multiple functions, such as printing or fax capabilities, through the installation of add-on devices. In order to be classified as an upgradeable digital copier under the MFD Specification, the upgrade options must be available on the market or intended for availability within one year after the base unit is launched. Digital copiers that are not designed for functional upgrades must qualify for ENERGY STAR under the Copier Specification.

1.

Technical Specifications

ENERGY STAR Program Participant agrees to introduce one or more specific multifunction device models that meet the specifications outlined in the Tables below.

2.

Additional requirements

In addition to the requirements shown in Tables 11 through 14, the following additional requirements must also be met.

3.

Exceptions and Clarifications:

After shipping, Program Participant or its designated service representative shall not alter the multifunction device model in any way that will affect the multifunction device's ability to meet the specifications outlined above. Certain exceptions are allowed in changing the default times and the duplex mode. These exceptions are as follows:

1.

Test Conditions

Outlined below are the ambient test conditions which should be established when performing the power measurement. These are necessary in order to ensure that outside factors do not affect the test results, and that test results can be reproduced later.

Line Impedance: < 0.25 ohm

Total Harmonic Distortion: < 3 %

Ambient Temperature: 21 deg. C ± 3 deg. C

Relative Humidity: 40 - 60 %

Distance From Wall: 2 ft. min.

Other Market-Specific Criteria:

2.

Testing Equipment: The provisions of Section I.C.2 apply.

3.

Test Method: The provisions of Section I.C.3 apply.

1.

Copier: A commercially-available imaging product whose sole function is the production of hard copy duplicates from graphic hard copy originals. The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet or from a data or network connection. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as copiers or upgradeable digital copiers (UDCs).

2.

Digital Duplicator: A commercially available imaging product that is sold in the market as a fully-automated duplicator system through the method of stencil duplicating with digital reproduction functionality. The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet or from a data or network connection. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as digital duplicators.

3.

Facsimile Machine (Fax Machine): A commercially-available imaging product whose primary functions are scanning hard copy originals for electronic transmission to remote units and receiving similar electronic transmissions to produce hard copy output. Electronic transmission is primarily over a public telephone system, but also may be via computer network or the Internet. The product also may be capable of producing hard copy duplicates. The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet or from a data or network connection. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as fax machines.

4.

Mailing Machine: A commercially-available imaging product that serves to print postage onto mail pieces The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet or from a data or network connection. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as mailing machines.

5.

Multifunction Device (MFD): A commercially-available imaging product, which is a physically-integrated device or a combination of functionally-integrated components, that performs two or more of the core functions of copying, printing, scanning, or faxing. The copy functionality as addressed in this definition is considered to be distinct from single sheet convenience copying offered by fax machines. The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet or from a data or network connection. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as MFDs or multifunction products (MFPs).

Note: If the MFD is not a single integrated unit but a set of functionally integrated components, then the manufacturer must certify that when installed correctly in the field, the sum of all energy or power use for all MFD components comprising the base unit will achieve the energy or power levels provided in Section VII.C. to qualify as an ENERGY STAR MFD.

6.

Printer: A commercially-available imaging product that serves as a hard copy output device, and is capable of receiving information from single-user or networked computers, or other input devices (e.g., digital cameras). The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet or from a data or network connection. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as printers, including printers that can be upgraded into MFDs in the field.

7.

Scanner: A commercially-available imaging product that functions as an electro-optical device for converting information into electronic images that can be stored, edited, converted, or transmitted, primarily in a personal computing environment. The unit must be capable of being powered from a wall outlet or from a data or network connection. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as scanners.

8.

Direct Thermal (DT): A marking technology that transfers an image by burning dots onto coated media as it passes over a heated print head. DT products do not use ribbons.

9.

Dye Sublimation (DS): A marking technology where images are formed by depositing (subliming) dye onto the print media based upon the amount of energy delivered by the heating elements.

10.

Electrophotography (EP): A marking technology characterised by illumination of a photoconductor in a pattern representing the desired hard copy image via a light source, development of the image with particles of toner using the latent image on the photoconductor to define the presence or absence of toner at a given location, transfer of the toner to the final hard copy medium, and fusing to cause the desired hard copy to become durable. Types of EP include Laser, LED, and LCD. Colour EP is distinguished from monochrome EP in that toners of at least three different colours are available in a given product at one time. Two types of colour EP technology are defined below:

11.

Impact: A marking technology characterised by the formation of the desired hard copy image by transferring colorant from a ‘ribbon’ to the media via an impact process. Two types of impact technology are Dot Formed Impact and Fully-formed Impact.

12.

Ink Jet (IJ): A marking technology where images are formed by depositing colorant in small drops directly to the print media in a matrix manner. Colour IJ is distinguished from monochrome IJ in that more than one colorant is available in a product at any one time. Typical types of IJ include Piezo-electric (PE) IJ, IJ Sublimation, and Thermal IJ.

13.

Solid Ink (SI): A marking technology where the ink is solid at room temperature and liquid when heated to the jetting temperature. Transfer to the media can be direct, but is most often made to an intermediate drum or belt and then offset printed to the media.

14.

Stencil: A marking technology that transfers images onto the print media from a stencil that is fitted around an inked drum.

15.

Thermal Transfer (TT): A marking technology where the desired hard copy image is formed by depositing small drops of solid colorant (usually coloured waxes) in a melted/fluid state directly to the print media in a matrix manner. TT is distinguished from IJ in that the ink is solid at room temperature and is made fluid by heat.

16.

Active: The power state in which the product is connected to a power source and is actively producing output, as well as performing any of its other primary functions.

17.

Automatic Duplexing: The capability of a copier, fax machine, MFD, or printer to automatically place images on both sides of an output sheet, without manual manipulation of output as an intermediate step. Examples of this are one-sided to two-sided copying and two-sided to two-sided copying. A product is considered to have automatic duplexing capability only if the model includes all accessories needed to satisfy the above conditions.

18.

Default Delay Time: The time set by the manufacturer prior to shipping that determines when the product will enter a lower-power mode (e.g., Sleep, Off) following completion of its primary function.

19.

Off: The power state that the product enters when it has been manually or automatically switched off but is still plugged in and connected to the mains. This mode is exited when stimulated by an input, such as a manual power switch or clock timer to bring the unit into Ready mode. When this state is resultant from a manual intervention by a user, it is often referred to as Manual Off, and when it is resultant from an automatic or predetermined stimuli (e.g., a delay time or clock), it is often referred to as Auto-off.

20.

Ready: The condition that exists when the product is not producing output, has reached operating conditions, has not yet entered into any lower-power modes, and can enter Active mode with minimal delay. All product features can be enabled in this mode, and the product must be able to return to Active mode by responding to any potential input options designed into the product. Potential inputs include external electrical stimulus (e.g., network stimulus, fax call, or remote control) and direct physical intervention (e.g., activating a physical switch or button).

21.

Sleep: The reduced power state that the product enters automatically after a period of inactivity. In addition to entering Sleep automatically, the product may also enter this mode 1) at a user set time-of-day, 2) immediately in response to user manual action, without actually turning off, or 3) through other, automatically-achieved ways that are related to user behaviour. All product features can be enabled in this mode and the product must be able to enter Active mode by responding to any potential input options designed into the product; however, there may be a delay. Potential inputs include external electrical stimulus (e.g., network stimulus, fax call, remote control) and direct physical intervention (e.g., activating a physical switch or button). The product must maintain network connectivity while in Sleep, waking up only as necessary.

Note: When reporting data and qualifying products that can enter Sleep mode in multiple ways, Program Participants should reference a Sleep level that can be reached automatically. If the product is capable of automatically entering multiple, successive Sleep levels, it is at the manufacturer's discretion which of these levels is used for qualification purposes; however, the default-delay time provided must correspond with whichever level is used.

22.

Standby: The lowest power consumption mode which cannot be switched off (influenced) by the user and that may persist for an indefinite time when the product is connected to the main electricity supply and used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions (18).

Note: For Imaging Equipment products addressed by this specification, the Standby power level usually occurs in Off mode, but can occur in Ready or Sleep. A product cannot exit Standby and reach a lower power state unless it is physically disconnected from the main electricity supply as a result of manual manipulation.

23.

Large Format: Products categorised as Large Format include those designed for A2 media and larger, including those designed to accommodate continuous-form media at a width of 406 millimetres (mm) or wider. Large-format products may also be capable of printing on standard-size or small-format media.

24.

Small Format: Products categorised as Small Format include those designed for media sizes smaller than those defined as Standard (e.g., A6, 4″ × 6″, microfilm), including those designed to accommodate continuous-form media at widths smaller than 210 mm.

25.

Standard: Products categorised as Standard include those designed for standard-sized media (e.g., Letter, Legal, Ledger, A3, A4, and B4), including those designed to accommodate continuous-form media at widths between 210 mm and 406 mm. Standard-size products may also be capable of printing on small-format media.

26.

Accessory: An optional piece of peripheral equipment that is not necessary for the operation of the base unit, but that may be added before or after shipment in order to add functionality. An accessory may be sold separately under its own model number, or sold with a base unit as part of a package or configuration.

27.

Base Product: A base product is the standard model shipped by the manufacturer. When product models are offered in different configurations, the base product is the most fundamental configuration of the model, which possesses the minimum number of functional adders available. Functional components or accessories offered as optional, rather than standard, are not considered part of the base product.

28.

Continuous Form: Products categorised as Continuous Form include those which do not use a cut-sheet media size, and are designed for key industrial applications such as printing of bar codes, labels, receipts, waybills, invoices, airline tickets, or retail tags.

29.

Digital Front-end (DFE): A functionally-integrated, network-attached server or desktop-derived server that hosts other computers and applications and acts as an interface to imaging equipment. A DFE uses its own dc power supply or draws its dc power from the imaging equipment product with which it operates. A DFE provides greater functionality to the imaging product. A DFE also offers at least three of the following advanced features:

30.

Functional Adder: A functional adder is a standard product feature that adds functionality to the base marking engine of an imaging equipment product. The Operational Mode portion of this specification contains additional power allowances for certain functional adders. Examples of functional adders include wireless interfaces and scanning capability.

31.

Operational Mode (OM) Approach: A method of testing and comparing the energy performance of imaging equipment products, which focuses on product energy consumption in various low-power modes. The key criteria used by the OM approach are values for low-power modes, measured in watts (W). Detailed information can be found in the Operational Mode Test Procedure in Section VII.D.3.

32.

Marking Engine: The very basic engine of an imaging product, which drives the image production of that product. Without additional functional components, a marking engine cannot acquire image data to process and is, therefore, non-functional. A marking engine is reliant on functional adders for communication ability and image processing.

33.

Model: An imaging equipment product that is sold or marketed under a unique model number or marketing name. A model may be comprised of a base unit or a base unit and accessories.

34.

Product Speed: In general, for Standard-size products, a single A4 or 8.5″ × 11″ sheet printed/copied/scanned on one side in a minute is equal to one image-per-minute (ipm). If the maximum claimed speeds differ when producing images on A4 or 8.5″ × 11″ paper, the higher of the two shall be used.

In all cases, the converted speed in ipm should be rounded to the nearest integer (e.g., 14.4 ipm rounds to 14.0 ipm; 14.5 ipm rounds to 15 ipm).

For qualification purposes, manufacturers should report the speed of the product according to the prioritisation of functions outlined below:

35.

Typical Electricity Consumption (TEC) Approach: A method of testing and comparing the energy performance of imaging equipment products, which focuses on the typical electricity consumed by a product while in normal operation during a representative period of time. The key criteria of the TEC approach for imaging equipment is a value for typical weekly electricity consumption, measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh). Detailed information can be found in the Typical Electricity Consumption Test Procedure in Section VII.D.2.