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Copyright

Copyright (c) 1996-2025 Wolfram Schneider
Copyright (c) 1993-1995 Berkeley Software Design, Inc.

Copyright (c) for manual pages by OS vendors:

2.11 BSD, Apple, CentOS, Dell, Debian, DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD, HP, IRIX, Minix, NetBSD, NeXTSTEP, OpenBSD, Plan 9, Red Hat, Slackware, OSF, Plan 9, Rhapsody, SunOS, openSUSE, Rocky, SuSE, Ubuntu, ULTRIX, Unix Seventh Edition, XFree86, X11R6

Shortcuts for FreeBSD manual pages

• which manpage: https://man.freebsd.org/which
• socket(2) manpage: https://man.freebsd.org/socket/2

• which manpage: https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?which
• socket(2) manpage: https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?socket(2)

Updates

The FreeBSD stable/NN, current, and ports manual pages are updated every 3 months, usually around the time a new FreeBSD version is released.

Other operating system manual pages are updated as needed.

Release Permalinks and tarballs

Releases and releases aliases permalinks are information how to make a link to this script to the right OS version.

You may download the manual pages as gzip'd tar archive for private or educational purposes. A tarball is normally 15-50 MB in size, but can be up to 350 MB for FreeBSD ports.

• FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 14.2-STABLE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 14.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 14.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.4-STABLE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 13.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 12.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 11.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 8.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 7.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.5-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.5-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.2.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.2.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 5.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.11-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.11-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.10-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.10-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.9-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.8-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.8-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.7-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.6.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.6.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.6-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.6-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.3-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.2-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.1.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.1.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 4.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.5.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.5.1-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.5-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.4-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.4-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.3-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 3.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.2.8-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.2.8-RELEASE and Ports: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.2.7-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.2.6-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.2.5-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.2.2-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.2.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.1.7.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.1.6.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.1.5-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.1.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.0.5-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 2.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 1.1.5.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 1.1-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD 1.0-RELEASE: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 14.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 14.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 13.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 13.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 13.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 13.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 13.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 12.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 12.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 12.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 12.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 12.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 11.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 11.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 11.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 11.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 11.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 10.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 10.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 10.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 10.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 10.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 9.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 9.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 9.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 9.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 8.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 8.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 8.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 8.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 8.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 7.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 7.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 7.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 7.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 7.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 6.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 6.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 6.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 6.0: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 5.5: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 5.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 5.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 5.2.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 5.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 5.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.11: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.10: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.9: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.8: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.7: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.6.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.6: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.5: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.3: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.2: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 4.1.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 3.5.1: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 3.5: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 3.4: permalink | tarball
• FreeBSD Ports 2.2.8: permalink | tarball
• 4.4BSD Lite2: permalink | tarball
• 4.3BSD NET/2: permalink | tarball
• 4.3BSD Reno: permalink | tarball
• 2.11 BSD: permalink | tarball
• 2.10 BSD: permalink | tarball
• 2.9.1 BSD: permalink | tarball
• 2.8 BSD: permalink | tarball
• 386BSD 0.1: permalink | tarball
• 386BSD 0.0: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.9: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.8: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.7: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.6: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.5: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.4: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.3: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.2: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.1: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 7.0: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.10: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.9: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.8: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.7: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.6: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.5: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.4: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.3: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.2: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.1: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 6.0: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.11: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.10: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.9: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.8: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.7: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.6: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.5: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 5.4: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 4.8: permalink | tarball
• CentOS 3.9: permalink | tarball
• Darwin 8.0.1/ppc: permalink | tarball
• Darwin 7.0.1: permalink | tarball
• Darwin 6.0.2/x86: permalink | tarball
• Darwin 1.4.1/x86: permalink | tarball
• Darwin 1.3.1/x86: permalink | tarball
• Debian 13.0 unstable: permalink | tarball
• Debian 12.8.0: permalink | tarball
• Debian 12.7.0: permalink | tarball
• Debian 11.11.0: permalink | tarball
• Debian 10.13.0: permalink | tarball
• Debian 9.13.0: permalink | tarball
• Debian 8.11.1: permalink | tarball
• Debian 7.11.0: permalink | tarball
• Debian 6.0.10: permalink | tarball
• Debian 5.0.10: permalink | tarball
• Debian 4.0.9: permalink | tarball
• Debian 3.1.8: permalink | tarball
• Debian 2.2.7: permalink | tarball
• Debian 2.0.0: permalink | tarball
• Dell UNIX SVR4 2.2: permalink | tarball
• DragonFly 6.4.0: permalink | tarball
• DragonFly 5.8.3: permalink | tarball
• DragonFly 4.8.1: permalink | tarball
• DragonFly 3.8.2: permalink | tarball
• DragonFly 2.10.1: permalink | tarball
• DragonFly 1.12.1: permalink | tarball
• DragonFly 1.0A: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 11.22: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 11.20: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 11.11: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 11.00: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 10.20: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 10.10: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 10.01: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 9.07: permalink | tarball
• HP-UX 8.07: permalink | tarball
• Inferno 4th Edition: permalink | tarball
• IRIX 6.5.30: permalink | tarball
• Linux Slackware 3.1: permalink | tarball
• MACH 2.5/i386: permalink | tarball
• macOS 15.0: permalink | tarball
• macOS 14.3.1: permalink | tarball
• macOS 13.6.5: permalink | tarball
• macOS 12.7.3: permalink | tarball
• macOS 10.13.6: permalink | tarball
• Minix 3.3.0: permalink | tarball
• Minix 3.2.1: permalink | tarball
• Minix 3.2.0: permalink | tarball
• Minix 3.1.7: permalink | tarball
• Minix 3.1.6: permalink | tarball
• Minix 3.1.5: permalink | tarball
• Minix 2.0.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 10.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 10.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 9.3: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 9.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 9.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 9.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 8.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 8.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 8.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 7.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 7.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 6.1.5: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 6.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 5.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 5.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 4.0.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 4.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 3.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 3.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 2.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 2.0.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 2.0: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.6.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.6.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.6: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.5.3: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.5.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.5.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.5: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.4.3: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.4.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.4.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.4: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.3.3: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.3.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.3.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.3: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.2.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.2: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.1: permalink | tarball
• NetBSD 1.0: permalink | tarball
• NeXTSTEP 3.3: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 7.6: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 7.5: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 7.4: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 7.3: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 7.2: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 7.1: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 7.0: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.9: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.8: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.7: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.6: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.5: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.4: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.3: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.2: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.1: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 6.0: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.9: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.8: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.7: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.6: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.5: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.4: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.3: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.2: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.1: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 5.0: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.9: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.8: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.7: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.6: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.5: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.4: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.3: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.2: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.1: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 4.0: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.9: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.8: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.7: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.6: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.5: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.4: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.3: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.2: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.1: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 3.0: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.9: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.8: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.7: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.6: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.5: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.4: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.3: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.2: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.1: permalink | tarball
• OpenBSD 2.0: permalink | tarball
• OpenDarwin 7.2.1: permalink | tarball
• OpenDarwin 6.6.2/x86: permalink | tarball
• OpenDarwin 6.6.1/x86: permalink | tarball
• OpenDarwin 20030208pre4/ppc: permalink | tarball
• OpenStep 4.2: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 42.3: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 42.2: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 42.1: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 15.6: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 15.5: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 15.4: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 15.3: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 15.2: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 15.1: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 15.0: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 13.2: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 13.1: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 11.4: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 11.3: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 11.2: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 10.3: permalink | tarball
• openSUSE 10.2: permalink | tarball
• OSF1 V5.1/alpha: permalink | tarball
• OSF1 V4.0/alpha: permalink | tarball
• OSF1 V1.0/mips: permalink | tarball
• Plan 9: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 9.0: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 8.0: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 7.3: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 7.2: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 7.1: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 7.0: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 6.2: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 6.1: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 5.2: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 5.0: permalink | tarball
• Red Hat 4.2: permalink | tarball
• Rhapsody DR1: permalink | tarball
• Rhapsody DR2: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 9.5: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 9.4: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 9.3: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 9.2: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 9.1: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 9.0: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.10: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.9: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.8: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.7: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.6: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.5: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.4: permalink | tarball
• Rocky 8.3: permalink | tarball
• Sun UNIX 0.4: permalink | tarball
• SunOS 5.10: permalink | tarball
• SunOS 5.9: permalink | tarball
• SunOS 5.8: permalink | tarball
• SunOS 5.7: permalink | tarball
• SunOS 5.6: permalink | tarball
• SunOS 5.5.1: permalink | tarball
• SunOS 4.1.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 11.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 11.2: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 11.1: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 11.0: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 10.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 10.2: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 10.1: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 10.0: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 9.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 9.2: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 8.2: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 8.1: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 8.0: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 7.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 7.2: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 7.1: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 7.0: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 6.4: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 6.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 6.1: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 6.0: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 5.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 5.2: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 5.0: permalink | tarball
• SuSE 4.3: permalink | tarball
• SuSE ES 10 SP1: permalink | tarball
• Ubuntu 24.04 noble: permalink | tarball
• Ubuntu 23.10 mantic: permalink | tarball
• Ubuntu 22.04 jammy: permalink | tarball
• Ubuntu 20.04 focal: permalink | tarball
• Ubuntu 18.04 bionic: permalink | tarball
• Ubuntu 16.04 xenial: permalink | tarball
• Ubuntu 14.04 trusty: permalink | tarball
• ULTRIX 4.2: permalink | tarball
• Ultrix-32 2.0/VAX: permalink | tarball
• Unix Seventh Edition: permalink | tarball
• X11R7.4: permalink | tarball
• X11R7.3.2: permalink | tarball
• X11R7.2: permalink | tarball
• X11R6.9.0: permalink | tarball
• X11R6.8.2: permalink | tarball
• X11R6.7.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.8.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.7.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.6.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.5.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.4.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.3.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.2.99.3: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.2.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.1.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.0.2: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.0.1: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 4.0: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 3.3.6: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 3.3: permalink | tarball
• XFree86 2.1: permalink | tarball

Releases Aliases Permalinks

Release aliases are for lazy people. Plus, they have a longer lifetime, eg. 'netbsd' points always to the latest NetBSD release.

• "centos" -> "CentOS 7.9" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=centos
• "darwin" -> "Darwin 8.0.1/ppc" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=darwin
• "debian" -> "Debian 12.8.0" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=debian
• "dragonfly" -> "DragonFly 6.4.0" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=dragonfly
• "freebsd" -> "FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd
• "freebsd-current" -> "FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd-current
• "freebsd-ports" -> "FreeBSD Ports 14.2" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd-ports
• "freebsd-release" -> "FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd-release
• "freebsd-release-ports" -> "FreeBSD 14.2-RELEASE and Ports" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd-release-ports
• "freebsd-stable" -> "FreeBSD 14.2-STABLE" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd-stable
• "freebsd-stable13" -> "FreeBSD 13.4-STABLE" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd-stable13
• "freebsd-stable14" -> "FreeBSD 14.2-STABLE" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=freebsd-stable14
• "hpux" -> "HP-UX 11.22" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=hpux
• "irix" -> "IRIX 6.5.30" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=irix
• "linux" -> "Debian 12.8.0" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=linux
• "macos" -> "macOS 15.0" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=macos
• "macosx" -> "Darwin 8.0.1/ppc" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=macosx
• "minix" -> "Minix 3.3.0" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=minix
• "netbsd" -> "NetBSD 10.1" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=netbsd
• "openbsd" -> "OpenBSD 7.6" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=openbsd
• "opendarwin" -> "OpenDarwin 7.2.1" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=opendarwin
• "opensuse" -> "openSUSE 15.6" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=opensuse
• "osf1" -> "OSF1 V5.1/alpha" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=osf1
• "plan9" -> "Plan 9" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=plan9
• "rocky" -> "Rocky 9.5" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=rocky
• "slackware" -> "Linux Slackware 3.1" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=slackware
• "solaris" -> "SunOS 5.10" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=solaris
• "sunos" -> "SunOS 4.1.3" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=sunos
• "sunos4" -> "SunOS 4.1.3" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=sunos4
• "sunos5" -> "SunOS 5.10" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=sunos5
• "suse" -> "SuSE 11.3" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=suse
• "true64" -> "OSF1 V5.1/alpha" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=true64
• "ubuntu" -> "Ubuntu 24.04 noble" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=ubuntu
• "ultrix" -> "ULTRIX 4.2" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=ultrix
• "v7" -> "Unix Seventh Edition" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=v7
• "v7man" -> "Unix Seventh Edition" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=v7man
• "x11" -> "X11R7.4" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=x11
• "xfree86" -> "XFree86 4.8.0" -> https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?manpath=xfree86

FAQ

• Get the source of the man.cgi script
• Troff macros works only if defined in FreeBSD/groff. OS specific macros like `appeared in NetBSD version 1.2' are not supported.
• Some OSs provide only formatted manual pages (catpages), e.g., older NetBSD and OpenBSD releases. In this case it is not possible to create Postscript and troff output.
• The Unix family tree, BSD part.
• The FreeBSD Ports Search script.

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