Determined
A Science of Life Without Free Will
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Narrated by:
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Kaleo Griffith
About this listen
The instant New York Times bestseller
“Excellent…Outstanding for its breadth of research, the liveliness of the writing, and the depth of humanity it conveys.”–Wall Street Journal
One of our great behavioral scientists, the bestselling author of Behave, plumbs the depths of the science and philosophy of decision-making to mount a devastating case against free will, an argument with profound consequences
Robert Sapolsky’s Behave, his now classic account of why humans do good and why they do bad, pointed toward an unsettling conclusion: We may not grasp the precise marriage of nature and nurture that creates the physics and chemistry at the base of human behavior, but that doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist. Now, in Determined, Sapolsky takes his argument all the way, mounting a brilliant (and in his inimitable way, delightful) full-frontal assault on the pleasant fantasy that there is some separate self telling our biology what to do.
Determined offers a marvelous synthesis of what we know about how consciousness works—the tight weave between reason and emotion and between stimulus and response in the moment and over a life. One by one, Sapolsky tackles all the major arguments for free will and takes them out, cutting a path through the thickets of chaos and complexity science and quantum physics, as well as touching ground on some of the wilder shores of philosophy. He shows us that the history of medicine is in no small part the history of learning that fewer and fewer things are somebody’s “fault”; for example, for centuries we thought seizures were a sign of demonic possession. Yet, as he acknowledges, it’s very hard, and at times impossible, to uncouple from our zeal to judge others and to judge ourselves. Sapolsky applies the new understanding of life beyond free will to some of our most essential questions around punishment, morality, and living well together. By the end, Sapolsky argues that while living our daily lives recognizing that we have no free will is going to be monumentally difficult, doing so is not going to result in anarchy, pointlessness, and existential malaise. Instead, it will make for a much more humane world.
*This audiobook includes a downloadable PDF containing Tables, Charts, Diagrams, and Footnotes from the book.
PLEASE NOTE: When you purchase this title, the accompanying PDF will be available in your Audible Library along with the audio.
©2023 Robert M. Sapolsky (P)2023 Penguin AudioListeners also enjoyed...
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Critic reviews
“Sapolsky’s decades of experience studying the effects of the interplay of genes and the environment on behavior shine brightly . . . He provides compelling examples that bad luck compounds . . . convincingly argues against claims that chaos theory, emergent phenomena, or the indeterminism offered by quantum mechanics provide the gap required for free will to exist.”—Science
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- By J.B. on 02-17-17
By: Michael A. Strauss, and others
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The narrator is awful
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The existence of free will - our ability to choose between one course of action and another, to determine our own destiny - is a foundation stone of Western society, dictating our notions of fairness and justice, punishment and reward, our very identity as individuals and humans. But as world-renowned scientist Robert Sapolsky shows, there is not a shred of evidence to suggest that free will exists, even while everything in our biology leads us to believe that it does.
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Great content and narration but…
- By Chris Facer on 02-25-24
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Understanding our humanity - the essence of who we are - is one of the deepest mysteries and biggest challenges in modern science. Why do we have bad moods? Why are we capable of having such strange dreams? How can metaphors in our language hold such sway on our actions? As we learn more about the mechanisms of human behavior through evolutionary biology, neuroscience, anthropology, and other related fields, we're discovering just how intriguing the human species is.
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A belief in free will touches nearly everything that human beings value. It is difficult to think about law, politics, religion, public policy, intimate relationships, morality—as well as feelings of remorse or personal achievement—without first imagining that every person is the true source of his or her thoughts and actions. And yet the facts tell us that free will is an illusion.
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Scientists are learning more and more about how brain activity controls behavior and how neural circuits weigh alternatives and initiate actions. As we probe ever deeper into the mechanics of decision making, many conclude that agency—or free will—is an illusion. In Free Agents, leading neuroscientist Kevin Mitchell presents a wealth of evidence to the contrary, arguing that we are not mere machines responding to physical forces but agents acting with purpose.
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Behave
- The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst
- By: Robert Sapolsky
- Narrated by: Michael Goldstrom
- Length: 26 hrs and 27 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
From the celebrated neurobiologist and primatologist, a landmark, genre-defining examination of human behavior, both good and bad, and an answer to the question: Why do we do the things we do? Sapolsky's storytelling concept is delightful but it also has a powerful intrinsic logic: He starts by looking at the factors that bear on a person's reaction in the precise moment a behavior occurs, and then hops back in time from there, in stages, ultimately ending up at the deep history of our species and its evolutionary legacy.
-
-
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Overall
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Performance
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Story
Now in a third edition, Robert M. Sapolsky's acclaimed and successful Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers features new chapters on how stress affects sleep and addiction, as well as new insights into anxiety and personality disorder and the impact of spirituality on managing stress. As Sapolsky explains, most of us do not lie awake at night worrying about whether we have leprosy or malaria. Instead, the diseases we fear-and the ones that plague us now-are illnesses brought on by the slow accumulation of damage, such as heart disease and cancer.
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The narrator is awful
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Determined
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-
Great content and narration but…
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Overall
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Understanding our humanity - the essence of who we are - is one of the deepest mysteries and biggest challenges in modern science. Why do we have bad moods? Why are we capable of having such strange dreams? How can metaphors in our language hold such sway on our actions? As we learn more about the mechanisms of human behavior through evolutionary biology, neuroscience, anthropology, and other related fields, we're discovering just how intriguing the human species is.
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By: Robert Sapolsky, and others
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Overall
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A belief in free will touches nearly everything that human beings value. It is difficult to think about law, politics, religion, public policy, intimate relationships, morality—as well as feelings of remorse or personal achievement—without first imagining that every person is the true source of his or her thoughts and actions. And yet the facts tell us that free will is an illusion.
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Emotions are not things!!!!!!
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victory lap
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Bill Bryson once again proves himself to be an incomparable companion as he guides us through the human body - how it functions, its remarkable ability to heal itself, and (unfortunately) the ways it can fail. Full of extraordinary facts (your body made a million red blood cells since you started reading this) and irresistible Bryson-esque anecdotes, The Body will lead you to a deeper understanding of the miracle that is life in general and you in particular. As Bill Bryson writes, "We pass our existence within this wobble of flesh and yet take it almost entirely for granted."
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Behave
- By: Robert M. Sapolsky
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- Length: 26 hrs and 27 mins
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We are capable of savage acts of violence but also spectacular feats of kindness: is one side of our nature destined to win out over the other? Every act of human behaviour has multiple layers of causation, spiralling back seconds, minutes, hours, days, months, years, even centuries, right back to the dawn of time and the origins of our species. In the epic sweep of history, how does our biology affect the arc of war and peace, justice and persecution? How have our brains evolved alongside our cultures?
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shame on Audible for bad delivery of a great book
- By Irene on 01-19-19
What listeners say about Determined
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- emax
- 10-18-23
“They CAN’T handle the truth!”
The “free will” debate has been lasting this long primarily because people don’t spend enough time defining what they mean by it. It’s similar to debating if God exists. What kind of God? Sapolsky offers his own definition of free will: a choice without a cause. But he ultimately leads the reader to recognize that a choice itself is also a cause, so the term is a misnomer even by definition. Once you define free will, the debate fizzles out as it becomes clear that belief in free will falls into the same bucket as a belief in God: people will believe in it because they want to believe in it. Moreover, they won’t define it, and it’s hard to disprove what you don’t define. For the particularly stubborn believers in free will, Sapolsky does superb job disproving it from many angles and definitions. So why do people keep believing free will? As Jack Nicholson (also an atheist) might put it, “Because they can’t handle the truth!”
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8 people found this helpful
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- Cliente de Kindle
- 03-26-24
Annoying footnotes
the content is great but the reader is constantly referring to footnotes in the pdf, that's very annoying.
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2 people found this helpful
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- David
- 04-07-24
WTF?
Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote. Please see the accompanying pdf for footnote.
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- carmen Beatty
- 10-23-23
Loved it
It was fascinating and freeing!! Be gone free will. I hope I live long enough to see the effects of this on humanity
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- David Barnhart
- 11-12-23
This Christian Believes
Sapolsky again helps us consider hard evidence. We can stop congratulating ourselves and blaming MAGA-ites for the moral decay and selfishness in our country. How can we set our culture up to love our neighbors in the world? We can’t all move to a better place if morally corrupt person is elected.
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- Paul
- 11-13-23
One of my favorite authors
I was convinced of the reality of no free will prior to reading, but this still challenged me. I think maintaining a light structure of practical free will thinking, is helpful, while still being honest with the deep reality that it’s turtles all the Way down. For me understanding that we have no free will helps me greatly in my compassion toward others and for the song appreciate it. It’s just refreshing but sometimes scary to know the real science behind it.
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- Amanda J. Winn
- 11-21-23
Game Changing
Really excellent book. This is one of those books that will challenge your beliefs to the very core in a very thoughtful way. It reads like a conversation and offers some very candid and thoughtful observations on the need for change. An artful blend of neuroscience, history, philosophy and commentary.
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- R. Prince
- 12-04-23
Didn't convince me
Was excited to listen to this book especially after reading all the good reviews. To me Dr. Sapolsky never really is able to tie in all his science about genes etc. and how they make free will impossible.
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- Tim Houlihan
- 12-13-23
Brutally Fantastic
Sapolsky challenges my understanding of the human condition with virtually everything he’s written. Determined” is no different in that regard. However, he’s peeling back the scab that’s not quite healed and the concept is challenging for me. I have a lot of priors to dismantle before I can fully adopt his thesis. Yet, he’s enormously convincing and I’m grateful he’s doing this work and doing it with style he’s doing it with.
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- Tracy Bunnell
- 01-03-24
Thought provoking
I enjoyed the perspective and the way it was presented. There were points where I really wanted to be able to argue with Sapolsky. However I am grateful for the opportunity to wrestle with the idea of no free will and all the great conversations with friends and family that this book provoked. I would definitely recommend this book.
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