In the second module of the course, you focus your learning on a relevant industry topic: automating things by using code, which is also known as infrastructure as code (IaC). Understanding IaC is crucial for operationalizing automation. With proper IaC, you can start automating how you provision infrastructure in a declarative way, instead of writing scripts for every task. This module is designed so that you gain a solid understanding about AWS CloudFormation and its importance for automation. This module is also subdivided into two major topics: Infrastructure as Code and Configuration as Code. First, you learn about the difference between IaC and configuration as code before exploring the details of each modality. IaC focuses on provisioning architectures by using a declarative language. In contrast, configuration as code focuses on using automation to configure fleets of servers that are currently running. This module also provides readings and hands-on activities that focus on AWS CloudFormation, so that you can learn about CloudFormation by using it.