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As required by EU water legislation, and in line with the European Green Deal's zero pollution ambition, on 26 October 2022 the European Commission tabled a proposal to revise the lists of surface water and groundwater pollutants that need to be monitored and controlled for the purpose of protecting EU freshwater bodies and the associated environmental quality standards. The proposal also seeks to remedy shortcomings identified in the current framework as regards chemical pollution in waters, and ...

Spain aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 (see trajectory in Figure 1). In 2023, Spain accounted for 8.2 % of the EU's net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and achieved a net emissions reduction of 39.3 % in the years 2005 to 2023, above the EU average reduction of 30.5 %. During the same period, the country reduced emissions covered by the EU emissions trading system (ETS) by 57.5 %. Spain's land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector has consistently performed as a carbon sink, ...

Belgium aims to reach climate neutrality by 2050 (see trajectory in Figure 1). In 2023, Belgium accounted for 3.5 % of the EU's net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reduced its net emissions by 29.3 % between 2005 and 2023, just below the EU average reduction of 30.5 % over the same period. Also during that period, the country reduced emissions covered by the EU emissions trading system (ETS) by 46.7 %. Belgium's land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector has consistently performed ...

Poland does not have a national climate law or a strategy to become climate-neutral. However, it is bound by the European Climate Law and other EU legislation that obliges Member States to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in some sectors. Poland accounts for 10.7 % of the EU's net GHG emissions, and achieved a net emissions reduction of 9.3 % in the years 2005 to 2023 – significantly lower than the EU average of 30.5 % over the same period (Figure 1). Emissions under the EU emissions trading ...

France is legally bound to reach climate neutrality by 2050. In 2023, the country accounted for 12.4 % of the EU's net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and achieved a net emissions reduction of 28.1 % compared with 2005. Between 2005 and 2023, France's total emissions decreased by 31.2 %, but its carbon sink in the land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector declined by more than half (Figure 1). While the emissions from sectors under the EU emissions trading system (ETS) decreased by 52.3 ...

Denmark is legally bound to reach climate neutrality by 2050 (see trajectory in Figure 1) and deliver a 70 % greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction by 2030 compared with 1990. Denmark accounts for 1.4 % of the EU's net GHG emissions, and achieved a net emissions reduction of 44.7 % from 2005 to 2023, greater than the 30.5 % EU average reduction over the same period. Emissions from sectors under the EU emissions trading system (ETS) were more than halved (-66 %). Denmark's land use, land-use change ...

Austria's government aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2040, 10 years ahead of the EU's net-zero target (see trajectory in Figure 1). The country reduced its total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 25 % between 2005 and 2023, less than the EU average of 30 %. Most of Austria's emissions reductions stem from the emissions trading sector. For the effort-sharing sectors, Austria met its targets for 2020, but will need to increase ambitions significantly to deliver on the updated 2030 obligations ...

Czechia does not have a national climate target, and aims to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in line with EU climate and energy legislation. Czechia accounted for 3.6 % of the EU's net GHG emissions in 2023. The country reduced its net emissions by 25.6 % over the 2005-2023 period, which is less than the EU average reduction of 30.5 %. As shown in Figure 1, Czechia significantly reduced emissions from sectors under the EU emissions trading system (ETS). Czechia's net emissions have been impacted ...

Finland is legally bound to reach climate neutrality by 2035 (see trajectory in Figure 1) and to deliver a 60 % greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction by 2030 compared with 1990. In 2023, Finland accounted for 1.4 % of the EU's net GHG emissions. Owing to significant reductions in its land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector's carbon sink, Finland's net emissions have fluctuated since 2005, while total emissions decreased by 40 % over the period. In 2023, average EU net emissions were 30.5 ...

Ireland is committed to reaching climate neutrality by 2050 (see trajectory in Figure 1) and to delivering a 51 % reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030, compared with 2018. Ireland accounts for 2.1 % of the EU's net GHG emissions and achieved a net emissions reduction of 19.9 % between 2005 and 2023, below the EU average reduction of 30.5 % over the same period. Emissions from sectors under the EU emissions trading system (ETS) dropped 48.7 % over the period. The role of agriculture ...