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考博英语-50

(总分76, 做题时间90分钟)

Part Ⅲ Cloze
Directions: For each numbered bracket in the following passage, fill in a suitable word in the blank on the ANSWER SHEET.
Old people are always saying that the young people are not (51) they were. The same comment is (52) from generation to generation and it is always (53) . It has never been truer than it is today. The young are better educated. They have a lot more money to spend and enjoy (54) freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so (55) on their parents. Events which the older generation remember vividly are (56) more than past history, This is as it should be. Every new generation is (57) from the one that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.
The old always assume that they know best for the simple (58) that they have been (59) a bit longer. They don't like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this is precisely what the (60) are doing. They are questioning the (61) of their elders and disturbing their complacency. They take leave to (62) that the older generation has created the best of all possible worlds. What they reject more than (63) is conformity. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery. Wouldn't people work best if they were given complete freedom and (64) ? And what (65) the clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should (66) drab grey suits? If we turn our (67) to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used (68) to solve their problems? Why are they are so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more (69) possessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven't the old lost (70) with all that is important in life?

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Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation
Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
The world's long romance with speed may finally be ending. Even if Concorde (协和式飞机)flies again, its antique nature was revealed as soon as the Paris accident made people scratch their heads and ask quite why these odd aircraft were still flying. Much of the technology that surrounded us has, when we look at it afresh, a Jules Verne quality——solving problems that once seemed important in ways that ingenious but not necessarily efficient or safe.
The reorientation of science reward the biological and computer frontiers is now truism, but the 19th-century fascination with motive power has retained a powerful hold on our imaginations and our economies. 71. Advances in motive power were for a long while the main way in which progress and national competition in technology were measured. First at sea, then on the railways, then on the roads, in the air and finally in space, more and more rapid movement was seen as an carefree good and also, in some vague way, as a key to a fuller understanding of the world.
So intoxicating was this ultimate way in which the growing speed and reach of man-made vehicles could be used that when an unknown rocket enthusiast eared Hermann Oberth published his By Rocket To Interplanetary Space in the 1920s, it represented such an escape from the difficulties of the present to the anxious citizens of Weimar Germany (德国魏玛共和国)that it became a bestseller overnight.
72. For individual sportsmen, pilots and drivers, speed had the status of a privileged substance to which, in those early days, only a minority had full access. Mechanized speed made men, and a few Women, into heroes, and it remains a commodity to which mules, in particular, are attracted.The front of the Boys Own annual of half a century ago would typically feature a speeding train in the middle ground, a fast aeroplane above, and a racing ear in the foreground.
Disentangling the genuine advantages of speed from its cult aspects has always been a problem, and this was certainly the case in the era in which Concorde was conceived. Land, air and sea speed records had mattered since the 20s in a way inconceivable today. This manic race was run on three tracks——of celebrity sport, of competition between civil industries, and of military development. All three were littered with casualties, whether spectators at Le Mans, Donald Campbell on Coniston Water, or numerous test pilots and astronauts through the years.
Britain was slowing down on all three courses when Concorde came along. Indeed the Concorde project survived in part because, as Harold Wilson explained in his memoirs the agreement with the French was embodied in an international treaty, and they refused even to consider abandoning or postponing the work. "We had little choice but to go on," the then prime minister concluded.
His lack of enthusiasm suggests that, long before Concorde flew, some those responsible for it knew that it was not going to be a practical aircraft, and also that the technical spin-off would be less than advertised. The reason was that speed was such as dominant consideration that everything else had to take second place. The result was an aircraft that was both ahead of its tie and behind the times, since the era of small-scale luxury air travel was over.
A preoccupation with speed has always gone hand in hand with a preoccupation with safety, the two standards between them providing a way in which advanced states calibrate the state of civilization. Increasing speeds have world lives inconstant fear of regression, of losing the scientific and organizational edge that enables it to be both fast and safe. That is one reason why air and sea accidents can attain such mythic status. The disparate treatment of first and third world accidents in the Western press is probably due ore to the feeling that accidents are indicators of technical health than to any devaluation of African or Asian lives.
Speed still has its kingdom, but it is shrinking. Its limits have long ago been reached on the roads, and its value in the air, even for manned military aircraft, is diminished--agility and protection are as or mere important. 73. It is still marginally attractive to make trains go faster. The pursuit of physical speed has been replaced by the pursuit of near instantaneity on the Net, an aim which we may in time come to regard just as skeptically.
It is hard to imagine the mood in which David Lean's The Sound Barrier was made in 1952. breaking that barrier seemed to hold the key to a mystery But there was no mystery. Man can go faster, but that does not mean it is worth doing so．

Part Ⅴ Chinese-English Translasion
Directions：Translate the following short paragraph into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．

1. 
“我的英语有多好?”对任何学习英语的人来说是最重要的一个问题。知道这个问题的答案不仅有助于你的信心，而且如果你想取得更多的进步，知道这个答案是有用的，因为一旦知道已经达到一个水平，你就会开始向下一个水平进军。考试在学习过程中发挥另外一个重要作用——考试证明学习者在一种语言中是否熟练。通过语言考试远不只是激励了自己在语言方面的自尊。如果你想到英语国家去念大学，或者你想找一份需要英语技能的工作的话，通过语言考试那就至关重要了。

Part Ⅵ Writing
Directions：In this part，you are expected to write a composition entitled Pressures of Modern Man in no less than 200 words．Your composition should be based on the following outlines．

1. 现代人会遇到各种各样的压力
   2．压力的来源
   3．如何减轻自己的压力

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