Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on tile ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
You're busy filling out the application form for a position you really need; let's assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree, isn't it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at the State University? More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy league school calls them "impostors"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid complete lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attended" or "were associated with" a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the jobseeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century - that' s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don' t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a fake diploma. One company, with officers in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University." The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.
1.
As used in the first line of the second paragraph, the word "utter" means ______.
A thorough
B fundamental
C ultimate
D decisive
2.
The main idea of this passage is that ______.
A employers are checking more closely on applicants now
B lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem
C college degrees can now be purchased easily
D employers are no longer interested in college degrees
3.
According to the passage, "special cases refers to cases where ______.
A students attend a school only part-time
B students purchase false degrees from commercial firms
C students never attended a school they listed on their application
D students attended a famous school
4.
We can infer from the passage that ______.
A performance is a better judge of ability that a college degree needs
B experience is the best teacher
C past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do
D degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition
5.
This passage implies that ______.
A buying a false degree is not moral
B personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools
C most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school
D society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications
Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist. For the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern work, or-independently of any course-simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture. We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally. We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn't take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.
6.
We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because ______.
A it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate the scientist
B science affects almost every aspect of our life
C scientists live in a specific subculture
D it is easier to understand general characteristics of science
7.
The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who ______.
A are intelligent college students and lay persons who do not know much about science
B are good at producing various gadgets
C work in a storehouse of dried facts
D want to have a superficial understanding of science
8.
lifts passage most probably is ______.
A a book review
B the preface of a book
C the postscript of a book
D the concluding part of a book
9.
According to the passage, "scientific subculture" means ______.
A cultural groups that are formed by scientists
B people whose knowledge of science is very limited
C the scientific community
D people who make good contribution to science
10.
According to this passage, ______.
A English is a sexist language
B only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly
C women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language
D male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to the scientists
Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. "The burnt child fears the fire" is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both of these examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In the one ease the experience was direct and impressive; in the other case it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were formed largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read. The classroom teachers in the elementary school are in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose opinion they respect. Another reason is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher's method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude towards Mexicans. The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social attitudes (with special reference to races and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom-these are a few of the fertile fields for the induction of proper emotional reactions. However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cheating or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experience. Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be harmful if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.
11.
The word "harmful" in the last paragraph most probably means ______.
A bad-affecting
B ill-effective
C widespread
D irritating
12.
Most often attitudes are shaped by ______.
A how the teacher introduces knowledge
B what children learn at home
C whether knowledge is learned from books of other sources
D what children learn in the classroom
13.
The author advises teachers to ______.
A correct the pupil's incorrect attitude whenever they have
B ignore the pupil's incorrect attitude altogether
C give the proper criticism to the pupil's incorrect attitude
D try to use positive experience to develop proper attitude in the pupils
14.
What is the passage mainly about?
A How to develop the desired attitude in children.
B What role emotional reactions play in education.
C How children's attitude affect their study.
D Why undesirable attitudes are hard to eliminat
15.
In the second paragraph, the author gives two examples to show ______.
A the development of attitudes is most important
B people's behavior can be shaped by direct or indirect experience
C conscious instruction is important in shaping people's behavior
D unpleasant experience leaves a greater impression on people
The marvelous telephone and television network that has now enmeshed the whole world, making all men neighbors, cannot be extended into space. It will never be possible to converse with anyone on another planet. Even with today's radio equipment, the messages will take minutes——sometimes hours——on their journey, because, radio and light waves travel at the same limited speed of 186, 000 miles a second. Twenty years from now you will be able to listen to a friend on Mars, but the words you hear will have left his mouth at least three minutes earlier, and your reply will take a corresponding time to reach him. In such circumstances, an exchange of verbal messages is possible-but not a conversation. To a culture which has come to take instantaneous communication for granted, as part of the very structure of civilized life, this "time barrier" may have a profound psychological impact. It will be a perpetual reminder of universal laws and limitations against which not all our technology can ever prevail. For it seems as certain as anything can be that no signal——still less any material object——can ever travel faster than light. The velocity of light is the ultimate speed limit, being part of the very structure of space and time. Within the narrow confines of the solar system, it will not handicap us too severely. At the worst, these will amount to twenty hours——the time it takes a radio signal to span the orbit of Pluto, the outer most planet. It is when we move out beyond the confines of the solar system that we come face to face with an altogether new group of cosmic reality. Even today, many otherwise educated men- like those savages who can count to three but lump together all numbers beyond four-cannot grasp the profound distinction between solar and stellar space. The first is the space enclosing our neighbor-ring worlds, the planets; the second is that which embraces those distant suns, the stars, and it is literally millions of times greater. There is not such abrupt change of scale in the terrestrial affairs. Many conservative scientists, shocked by these cosmic gulfs, have denied that they can ever be crossed. Some people never learn; those who sixty years ago laughed at the possibility of flight, and ten years ago laughed at the idea of travel to the planets, are now quite sure that the stars will always be beyond our reach. And again they are wrong, for they have failed to grasp the great lesson of our age—— that if something is possible in theory, and no fundamental scientific laws oppose its realization, then sooner or later it will be achieved. One day we shall discover a really efficient means of propelling our space vehicles. Every technical device is always developed to its limit and the ultimate speed for spaceships is the velocity of light. They will never reach that goal, but they will get very near it. And then the nearest star will be less than five years of voyaging from the earth.
16.
Confronted with the new groups of cosmic reality, many educated men ______.
A become ignorant savages again
B find the "time barrier" unbearable
C will not combine solar and stellar space
D cannot adapt to the abrupt change of scale
17.
For light to travel across the solar system, it will take ______.
A a year
B nearly a day
C two months
D thirty minutes
18.
Conservative scientists who deny that cosmic gulfs can ever be crossed will ______.
A laugh at the very idea of flight
B learn a lesson as they did ten years ago
C find space travel beyond their reach
D oppose the fundamental scientific laws
19.
The author of the passage, readers can infer, intends to show the ______.
A limitations of our technology
B vastness of the cosmic reality
C prospect of planetary travel
D psychological impact of time and space
20.
The fact that it will never be possible to converse with someone on another planet shows that ______.
A certain universal laws cannot be prevailed against
B no object can ever travel faster than light
C western culture has a special idea of communication
D radio messages do not travel fast enough
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best complete the sentence and then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
21.
D. endowed
A B C D
22.
In the war many children were ______ from the cities to the countryside.
A evacuated
B imparted
C withdrawn
D elicited
23.
It is no ______ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.
A coincidence
B inspiration
C correspondence
D intuition
24.
To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must ______ the qualifies and varieties of products we make to the world market demand.
A improve
B enhance
C guarantee
D gear
25.
She has become quite ______ to the company.
A influential
B compulsory
C indispensable
D essential
26.
Although she was still ill, she ______ herself from the hospital.
A extracted
B discharged
C injected
D drained
27.
It is too early to ______ the effect of the new measure.
A administer
B assess
C elevate
D contribute
28.
I'm sure that she'll cope with the changes very well; she is very ______.
A elastic
B brittle
C adaptable
D flexible
29.
The wealth of a country should be measured ______ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.
A in line with
B in terms of
C in regard to
D in case of
30.
The new secretary has written a remarkably ______ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.
A concise
B precise
C brisk
D elaborate
31.
He is looking for a job that will give him greater ______ for career development.
A insight
B momentum
C scope
D phase
32.
The scientist decided he didn't want to be ______ with the project, and left.
A reconciled
B associated
C negotiated
D accommodated
33.
The ______ of the occasion was spoiled when she fell down the steps.
A privacy
B dignity
C morality
D secrecy
34.
Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be ______ with everyone who comes to the store.
A accepted
B admitted
C admired
D acquainted
35.
Big businesses enjoy certain ______ that smaller ones do not have.
A transactions
B privileges
C subsidies
D substitutes
36.
In ______ , it is now clear that this battle was turning point in the war.
A retention
B return
C retrospect
D revere
37.
She accidentally swallowed the poison and death was ______.
A instantaneous
B simultaneous
C symmetrical
D insufficient
38.
Recorded ______ of today's big football game will be shown after the news.
A summits
B peaks
C heights
D highlights
39.
He said he was an insurance salesman, but later on she discovered he was a(n) ______.
A alien
B counterpart
C client
D fraud
40.
It is impossible to ______ whether she'll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.
A foresee
B infer
C fabricate
D inhibit
41.
I didn't say anything like that at all. You are ______ purposely my ideas to prove your point.
A revising
B contradicting
C distorting
D distracting
42.
I tried very hard to persuade him to join our groups but I met with fiat ______.
A disapproval
B rejection
C refusal
D decline
43.
It is strictly ______ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.
A secured
B forbidden
C regulated
D determined
44.
It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are ______ free medical care.
A entitled to
B involved in
C associated with
D assigned to
45.
Your kindness in giving ______ to the consideration of the above problem will be highly appreciated.
A importance
B advantage
C priority
D authority
46.
Anything to do with old myths and legends ______ me.
A facilitates
B immerses
C fascinates
D indulges
47.
Our research has not shown us anything so far, so there is little ______ to continue with it.
A impatience
B incentive
C impulse
D initiative
48.
He is in bed with a bad cold, feeling pretty ______.
A spacious
B wide
C sufficient
D wretched
49.
The computer can ______ stored information in a matter of minutes.
A retrieve
B reassure
C release
D revive
50.
Our proposal failed to meet the ______ established by the committee, so they gave us no money.
A measurement
B warrant
C partition
D criterion
Part Ⅲ Cloze Directions: For each numbered bracket in the following passage, fill in a suitable word in the blank on the ANSWER SHEET.
Sleep is an important part of our lives. We spend out one-third of our lives sleeping. For millions of people, (51) , getting enough sleep is a continuing struggle. A recent study found that thirty-five percent of Americans have (52) going to sleep or staying asleep. The problem is called insomnia. Insomnia exists (53) a person is not able to get the (54) of sleep needed to operate effectively. Insomnia is not (55) in numbers of hours of sleep. This is because different people need (56) amounts of sleep to feel rested. The most common problems (57) from insomnia are sleepiness and trouble in completing work. Other problems are emotional disorders and difficulty (58) thinking. The treatments for (59) were discussed at a recent meeting of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies. The group's sleep experts say there are three kinds of insomnia. One (60) is called transient insomnia. It (61) just a few days. It is a result of moderate tension. The tension can be caused by a long airplane flight or a brief stay in a hospital. (62) kind is called short-term insomnia. It lasts several weeks and results from more (63) tension. The tension may be caused by problems at work or at home, a major sickness or the death of a loved one. The third kind of insomnia is called (64) . It lasts longer than several weeks. It often is a sign of severe physical or (65) problems. Sleep experts say anyone with long-term insomnia should be examined so the cause can be found and treated. Many things we eat or drink can affect our (66) . Drinks containing alcohol or caffeine can block sleep. (67) can some medicines. Other causes of insomnia include breathing problems or sudden, uncontrolled body movements during sleep. Because insomnia has so many causes, not all treatments are (68) for everyone. But experts have offered some simple ideas that work for most people. If (69) to sleep, they say, get up and go to another room, if possible. Stay up until you are really (70) , then return to bed. Get sip at the same time every day. Do not exercise just before going to bed. And, do not worry about past problems or future plans.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
In the spring of 1720, when all of London was clamoring for shares in the South Sea company, Sir Isaac Newton was asked what he thought about the market. "I can calculate the motions of the heavenly bodies, but not the madness of the market," the scientist and master of the mint is reputed to have replied. 71.Newton should have considered seriously his own wise words. Having sold his ￡7,000 of stock in the company, he later bought back in at the top of the boom and went down for ￡20,000. Like all the other mug punters in every bout of speculative fever, Newton was cleaned out when the crash came. Little has changed in the intervening 280 years. 72. Common to every bubble is the deeply-rooted belief that this time it will be different, that the rise in the price of an asset is rooted in the sound common sense rather than in recklessness, stupidity and greed. Take the crash of 1929, for example. In his excellent book charting the sad history of bubbles, John Moody, the founder of the credit agency intoned in 1927 that "no one can examine the panorama (全貌) of business and finance in America during the past half-dozen years without realizing that we are living in a new era." The Yale economist Irving Fisher declared a few weeks before the October crash that stock prices had reached a "permanently high plateau". Why was this? Simple. The creation of the Federal Reserve in 1913 had abolished the business cycle, while technological breakthroughs had created a "new economy" that was much more profitable than the old. 73.As share prices continued their heady rise, traditional methods of stock market valuations were abandoned. It did not matter that many of the start-up companies of the late 1920s were not making any money: what counted was that some day they surely would. So share prices were justified by discounted future earnings.
71.
72.
73.
Part Ⅴ Chinese-English Translation Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
Part Ⅵ Writing Directions: In this section you are required to write an essay in accordance with the following requirements: A. Title: Should All College Courses Be Specifically Related to a Future Occupation? B. Time limit: 40 minutes C. Word limit: 180～200 words D. Your composition must be written on the ANSWER SHEET.