考博英语-672
(总分95.5, 做题时间90分钟)
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary

1. 
Harry likes eating very much but he isn't very ______ about the food he eats.
   A. special           B. particular       C. peculiar         D. unusual

A  B  C  D  
2. 
I think it was all fixed up by lawyers or ______ arranges adoptions.
      A. someone         B. anyone            C. whoever          D. those

A  B  C  D  
3. 
The area is ______ with trails, some as wide as boulevards, that have been cut and maintained by elephants.
   A. blackmailed     B. latticed            C. isolated           D. galloped

A  B  C  D  
4. 
The rebel army is attempting to ______ the government.
   A. christen        B. subvert        C. concoct         D. harrow

A  B  C  D  
5. 
Written at least 100 years ago, the handwriting faded and certainly became ______.
   A. infinite                    B. illegible
   C. infectious                     D. immune

A  B  C  D  
6. 


A  B  C  D  
7. 


A  B  C  D  
8. 
She couldn't pay the full amount she owed, so she ______ part of it to the next month.
   A. carried off      B. carried over  C. carried out      D. carried through

A  B  C  D  
9. 


A  B  C  D  
10. 
Henry Tanner received widespread recognition for his naturalistic paintings of plantation life.
     A. profits        B.  storage         C.  attention         D.  invitations

A  B  C  D  
11. 
In the past 10 years, the company has gradually ______ all of its smaller rivals.
    A. engaged          B. occupied            C. monopolized      D. absorbed

A  B  C  D  
12. 
Although it was his first experience as chairman, he ______ over the meeting with great skill.
    [A] presided           [B] administered       [C] mastered           [D] executed

A  B  C  D  
13. 
The reception was attended by various ______ members of the local community and representatives of regional industries.
    A. protuberant    B. conspicuous       C. prominent        D. projecting

A  B  C  D  
14. 
Publishers are using a blitz of advertising, Web sites, as well as traditional methods to ______for elusive teens market.
   A. angle          B. allow        C. budget          D. care

A  B  C  D  
15. 
It's easier to dismiss reports of low employee morale than face the facts and act
   A. consequently    B. accordingly     C. successfully    D. excessively

A  B  C  D  
16. 
My own inclination, if I were in your situation, would be to look for another position.
    A. symptom        B. likeness         C. habit            D. tendency

A  B  C  D  
17. 
Despite her nerves, she walked towards her groom with no regrets about choosing such a ______ time to get married.
   A. momentary          B. momentous        C. monotonous        D. monstrous

A  B  C  D  
18. 
______ students should be motivated by a keen interest in theatre and should have some familiarity with plays in production.
    A. realistic             B. responsible          C. ethnic             D. prospective

A  B  C  D  
19. 
Beside the pleasurable sounds of music and expressive feeling that it ______ , music does exist in terms of notes themselves and of their manipulation.
    A. gives away     B. gives off         C. gives up        D. gives in

A  B  C  D  
20. 
Cox Radio, one of the nation's largest radio chains,  plan to ______ its ties with independent record promoters to distance itself from a payola-like practice that runs rampant in the music business.
      A. consolidate       B. tout           C. sever            D. splash

A  B  C  D  
21. 
The new computer virus ______, the system was restored to its normal operation.
    A. having removed  B. being removed    C. had been removed D. was removed

A  B  C  D  
22. 
There is not a Greek word which is the exact ______ of the English word "stile".
    A. equivalent       B. copy                C. counterpart        D. meaning

A  B  C  D  
23. 
According to the weather forecast, which is usually ______ , it will snow this afternoon.
    A. accurate       B. precise          C. exact           D. perfect

A  B  C  D  
24. 
Larry does not have to worry about his newly-bought car, because he has______ it against accident, theft and fire.
   A. assured         B. secured         C. ensured       D. insured

A  B  C  D  
25. 
The Chinese government is determined to go ______ the established policy of developing agriculture.
   A. after          B. on             C. ahead         D. by

A  B  C  D  
26. 
They awoke to find the maid had left the remnants of dinner on the table.
   A. list of items for                        B. invitations to
   C. leftovers of                            D. preparations for

A  B  C  D  
27. 
It's desirable that you have to speak to both groups of men quickly if you want to ______a nasty disagreement.
   A. head off         B. clear with       C. get across       D. leap out

A  B  C  D  
28. 
The United Nations Security Council established the ICTR in 1995 to try the alleged perpetrators of the 1994 ______ in Rwanda that claimed the lives of more than 800,000 people.
     A. genocide         B. immigration    C. discrimination    D. election

A  B  C  D  
29. 
The newly-elected president is determined to ______ the established policy of developing agriculture.
    A. go for            B. go on              C. go by            D. go up

A  B  C  D  
30. 
Furthermore, if I were to leave him, he would ______, for he cannot endure to be separated from me for more than one hour.
    A. prevail          B. preside          C. perish           D. persecute

A  B  C  D  
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension

Passage One

Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only in season. Drying, smoking, and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited, there was no way to prevent spoilage, But in 1810 a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing process of canning. And in the 1850's an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk.
   Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860's, but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand.  By 1880, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate. Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year.
   Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diet.  Growing urban populations created demand that encouraged fruit and vegetable farmers to raise more produce.  Railroad refrigerator cars enabled growers and meat packers to ship perishables great distances and to preserve them for longer periods. Thus, by the 1890's, northern city dwellers could enjoy southern and western strawberries, grapes, and tomatoes, previously available for a month at most, for up to six months of the year. In addition, increased use of iceboxes enabled families to store perishables. All easy means of producing ice commercially had been invented in the 1870's, and by 1900 the nation had more than two thousand commercial ice plants, most of which made home deliveries. The icebox became a fixture in most homes and remained so until the mechanized refrigerator replaced it in the 1920's and 1930's.

31. 
What does the passage mainly discuss?
     A. Causes of food spoilage
     B. Commercial production of ice
     C.  Inventions that led to changes in the American diet
     D. Population movement in the nineteenth century
A  B  C  D  
32. 
The world "prevent" in line 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
     A. estimate            B. avoid              C. correct            D. confine
A  B  C  D  
33. 
During the 1860's, canned food products were ______.
     A. unavailable in rural areas                  B. shipped in refrigerator cars
     C. available in limited quantities              D. a staple part of the American diet
A  B  C  D  
34. 
It can be inferred that railroad refrigerator cars came into use ______.
     A. before 1860        B. before 1890       C. after 1900        D. after 1920
A  B  C  D  
35. 
The author implies that in the 1920's and 1930's home deliveries of ice ______.
    A. decreased in number                       B. were on an irregular schedule
    C. increased in cost .                         D. occurred only in the summer
A  B  C  D  
Passage Two

It's very interesting to note where the debate about diversity (多样化) is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate (公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants.  Corporate leaders know that if that doesn't occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.
   Likewise, I don't hear people in the academy saying "Let's go backward. Let's go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy (不拘一格选人才)"  (which was never true--we never had a meritocracy, although we've come closer to it in the last 30 years). I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity. So where we hear this debate is primarily in political circles and in the media-- not in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.

36. 
The word "imperative" ( Line 5, Para. 1) most probably refers to something ______.
    A. superficial         B. remarkable          C. debatable         D. essential
A  B  C  D  
37. 
Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?
    A. Minorities.        B. Politicians.          C. Professors.        D. Managers.
A  B  C  D  
38. 
High-ranking corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to ______.
    A. lower the rate of unemployment
    B. win equal political rights for minorities
    C. be competitive in the world market
    D. satisfy the demands of a growing population
A  B  C  D  
39. 
It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
    A. meritocracy can never be realized without diversity.
    B. American political circles will not accept diversity
    C. it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U. S. media
    D. minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity
A  B  C  D  
40. 
According to the passage, diversity can be achieved in American society by ______.
   A. expanding the pool of potential employees
   B. promoting policies that provide skills to employees
   C. training more engineers, scientists, lawyers and business managers
   D. providing education for all regardless of race or sex
A  B  C  D  
Passage Three

Influenza should not be dismissed as a trivial disease. It kills thousands of people every year at a very high cost to the economy, hits hardest the young and the elderly, and is most dangerous for people over the age of 65.  Influenza is mainly a seasonal illness of the winter months, though in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia and the Pacific it can occur all the year round.
   The damaging effects of influenza can be prevented by immunization, but constant changes of antigenic specificity of the virus necessitate a different composition of the vaccine (疫苗) from one year to another. The network of WHO surveillance activities to monitor the evaluation of influenza virus strains, and WHO hold an annual consultation at the end of February to recommend the composition of the vaccine for the forthcoming epidemiological season. These recommendations are published immediately in the weekly epidemiological record.
   Vaccination each year against influenza is recommended for certain high-risk populations. In closed or semi-closed settings, maximum-benefit from immunization is likely to be achieved when more than three-quarters of the population are vaccinated so that the benefit of "herd immunity" can be exploited. Special care should be taken of the following groups:
   —adults and children with chronic disorders of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems requiring regular medical follow-up or who had been hospitalized during the previous year, including children with asthma;
   —residents of nursing homes and other establishments for patients of any age with chronic medical conditions;
   —all people over the age of 65.
   Physicians, nurses, and other personel in primary and intensive care units, who are potentially capable of transmitting influenza to high risk persons, should be immunized; visiting nurses and volunteer workers providing home care to high-risk persons should also be included.

41. 
This passage ______.
    A. concerns the damaging effects of influenza
    B. mentions the steps of fighting against the harmful effects of influenza
    C. emphasizes the worry expressed by all age groups
    D. both A and B
A  B  C  D  
42. 
That a different component part of the vaccine is necessary is principally due to the variable change of ______.
    A. virus         B. strain         C. antigen         D. immunization
A  B  C  D  
43. 
Which has been done by World Health Organization in combating the bad effects of influenza?
    A. Supervising the assessment of influenza virus strains.
    B. Holding meetings twice a year to provide the latest data concerning the composition of the vaccines.
    C. Publishing the related information in a WHO almanac.
    D. Stressing the importance of preventing influenza for people living in tropical areas of Asia.
A  B  C  D  
44. 
According to the passage, high-risk persons exclude which of the following kinds of people?
    A. Children suffering from asthma.
    B. The elderly with chronic pulmonary diseases.
    C. Middle aged people with chronic heart diseases.
    D. Nurses taking special care of the sick.
A  B  C  D  
45. 
In which of the following publications would this passage most likely be printed?
    A. A surgery book.                      B. A psychology book.
    C. An epidemiologist book.               D. An obstetrics book.
A  B  C  D  
Passage Four

In most American cities, the rent for a one-bedroom apartment was $ 250 or more per month in  recent years. In some smaller cities such as Louisville, Kentucky or Jacksonville, Florida the rent was less, but in larger cities it was more. For example, if you lived in Los Angeles, you had to pay $ 400 or more to rent a one-bedroom apartment, and the Same apartment rented for $ 625 and up in Chicago. The most expensive rents in the U.S. were in New York City, where you had to pay at least $ 700 a month to rent a one-bedroom apartment in most parts of the city.
   Renters and city planners are worried about the high cost of renting apartments. Many cities now have rent-control laws to keep the cost of renting low. These laws help low-income families who cannot pay high rents.
   Rent control in the United States began in 1943 when the government imposed rent controls on all American cities to help workers and the families of soldiers during World War Ⅱ. After the war, only one city—New York—continued these World War H controls. Recently, more and more cities have returned to rent controls. At the beginning of the 1980s, nearly one fifth of the people in the United States lived in cities with rent-control laws.
   Many cities have rent-control laws, but why are rents so high? Builders and landlords blame rent controls for the high rents. Rents are high because there are not enough apartments to rent, and they blame rent controls for the shortage of apartments. Builders want more money to build more apartment buildings, and landlords want more money to repair their old apartment buildings. But they cannot increase rents to get this money because of the rent-control laws. As a result, landlords are not repairing their old apartments, and builders are not building new apartment buildings to replace the old apartment buildings. Builders are building apartments for high-income families, not low-income families, so low-in- come families must live in old apartments that are in disrepair. Builders and landlords claim that rent-control laws really hurt low-income families.
   Many renters disagree with them. They say that rent control is not the problem. Even without rent controls, builders and landlords will continue to ignore low-income housing because they can make more money from high-income housing. The only answer, they claim, is more rent controls and government help for low-income housing.

46. 
Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
     A. The Highest Rent
     B. Rent Controls
     C. Building Apartments for low-Income Families
     D. Rent-Control Laws
A  B  C  D  
47. 
The aim of the U.S. government in imposing rent controls on American cities in 1943 was to help ______.
    A. workers and the families of soldiers
    B. low-income families
    C. up-middle-income families
    D. high-income families
A  B  C  D  
48. 
This passage implies that the high cost of renting apartments is worried by ______.
    A. some city governments
    B. low-income families
    C. renters and city planners
    D. all of the above
A  B  C  D  
49. 
It can be inferred from the passage that rent controls ______.
    A. seems unable to control high rents
    B. is successful
    C. is favoured by builders and landlords
    D. will be cancelled
A  B  C  D  
50. 
From the passage we learn that many renters disagree with ______.
    A. low-income families
    B. builders and landlords
    C. high-income families
    D. the government
A  B  C  D  
Passage Five

There is a new type of advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among "situations vacant", although it doesn't offer anyone job, and sometimes it appears "situations wanted", although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job,
   "Contact us before writing your application" ,i or" Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history", is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae, with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.
   There was a time when job seeker simply wrote letters of application.  "Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams", was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, and everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.
   Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter, which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. "Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for," was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.
   There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.

51. 
Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because ______.
    A. there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people
    B. there are so many top-level jobs available
    C. there are so many people out of work
    D. the job history is considered to be a work of art
A  B  C  D  
52. 
The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns ______.
    A. informs job hunters of the opportunities available
    B. promises useful advice to those looking for employment
    C. divides available jobs into various types
    D. informs employer that people are available for work
A  B  C  D  
53. 
In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would ______.
    A. write an initial letter giving their life history
    B. pass some exams before applying for a job
    C. have no qualifications other than being able to read and write
    D. keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview
A  B  C  D  
54. 
Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter ______.
    A. something that would attract attention to one's application
    B. a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to join
     C. something that would offend the person reading it
    D. a lie that one could easily get away with telling
A  B  C  D  
55. 
The job history has become such an important document because ______.
    A. there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised
    B. there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees
    C. jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays
    D. the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated
A  B  C  D  
Part Ⅳ Cloze

For the people who have never traveled across the Atlantic the voyage is a fantasy. But for the people who cross it frequently one crossing of the Atlantic is very much like another, and they do not make the voyage for the  (41)  of its interest. Most of us are quite happy when we feel  (42)  to go to bed and pleased when the journey  (43)  . On the first night this time I felt especially lazy and went to bed  (44)  earlier than usual. When I  (45)  my cabin, I was surprised  (46)  that I was to have a companion during my trip, which made me feel a little unhappy. I had expected  (47)  but there was a suitcase  (48)  mine in the opposite comer. I wondered who he could be and what he would be like. Soon afterwards he came in, He was the sort of man you might meet  (49)  , except that he was wearing  (50)  good clothes that I made up my mind that we would not  (51)  whoever he was and did not say  (52)  . As I had expected, he 'did not talk to me either but went to bed immediately.
   I suppose I slept for several hours because when I woke up it was already the middle of the night. I felt cold but covered  (53)  , as well as I could and tries to go back to sleep. Then I realized that a  (54)  was coming from the window opposite. I thought perhaps I had forgotten  (55)  the door, so I got up  (56)  the door but found it already locked from the inside. The cold air was coming from the window opposite, I crossed the room and  (57)  the moon shone through it on to the other bed  (58)  . there. It took me a minute or two to  (59)  the door myself. I realized that my companion  (60)  through the window into the sea.

56. 
A. reason       B. motive       C. cause       D. sake
A  B  C  D  
57. 
A. is achieved     B. finish       C. is over        D. is in the end
A  B  C  D  
58. 
A. tired enough    B. enough tired   C. enough tiring   D. enough tiring
A  B  C  D  
59. 
A. like        B. as        C. similar than    D. the same that
A  B  C  D  
60. 
A. in each place    B. for all parts    C. somewhere    D. anywhere
A  B  C  D  
61. 
A. a so        B. so        C. such a        D. such
A  B  C  D  
62. 
A. treat together well            B. pass together well
      C. get on well together          D. go by well together
A  B  C  D  
63. 
A. him a single word            B. him not one word
      C. a single word to him           D. not one word to him
A  B  C  D  
64. 
A. up me       B. up myself    C. up to myself    D. myself up
A  B  C  D  
65. 
A. draft        B. voice        C. air        D. sound
A  B  C  D  
66. 
A. to close        B. closing       C. to have to close  D. for closing
A  B  C  D  
67. 
A. to shut        B. for shutting    C. in shutting     D. but shut
A  B  C  D  
68. 
A. while doing like that           B. as I did like that
      C. as I did so               D. at doing so
A  B  C  D  
69. 
A. It was no one             B. There was no one
       C. It was anyone             D. There was anyone
A  B  C  D  
70. 
A. remind to lock             B. remember to lock
       C. remind locking             D. remember locking
A  B  C  D  
71. 
A. had to jump               B. was to have jumped
       C. must have jumped            D. could be jumped
A  B  C  D  
72. 
A. quite       B. rather       C. fairly        D. somehow
A  B  C  D  
73. 
A. arrived in     B. reached to    C. arrived to    D. reached at
A  B  C  D  
74. 
A. for seeing      B. that I saw    C. at seeing     D. to see
A  B  C  D  
75. 
A. being lonely    B. to be lonely    C. being alone    D. to be alone
A  B  C  D  
Part Ⅴ Translation

76. 
我国的技术曾经改变了世界的面貌。早在公元一世纪我国就发明了造纸术,1000年后又发明了火药。在公元1500年前的整整1000年间,我国无疑是世界上技术最先进的国家。
   但是此后的中国闭关锁国,错过了工业革命,数百年停滞不前,并受到西方列强的欺凌达 100年之久。今天,改革开放的中国站在一场技术复兴运动的前列。外国资本开始以前所未有速度涌入我国,技术产业因此而受益。中外投资者都认为,软件、电信、材料技术、生物工艺和保健技术是中国的强有力的核心技术。
   然而,我国新兴的技术产业面临着巨大的挑战,只有战胜这些挑战,才能恢复历史的辉煌。我们必须正视这些挑战,学习和利用西方先进的技术和管理经验,创造新发明,开发新产品。
   中国科学院附属沈阳自动化研究所证明,中国有能力把理论软件技术同工程技术结合起来。这家研究所曾经引进了美国一家公司的技术、自动控制装置样品、零部件和培训项目。通过技术引进和技术转让,现在该所的技术和软件同美国的不相上下。但是要使技术不断更新,开发更先进的产品,沈阳自动化研究所需要大量的资金投入。研究所需要新的外国合作伙伴。

Part Ⅵ Writing

77. 
My View of Lunar New Year
   To Chinese people, the Lunar New Year is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year. Dating back 3000 years, it celebrated the passing of a peaceful year and to welcome a new one.
   The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year's Eve, was de rigueur, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year. Even the absentee members would endeavor to return home in time for it.
   It underscored the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aimed at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.
   However, with rapid economic expansion and growing westernization, over time, there has been a noticeable erosion, if not abandonment, of the New Year traditions and customs, which are perceived to be out of step with modem lifestyle.
   Increasingly, more Chinese would hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs. They find it more enjoyable and physically less demanding.
   Going away during the New Year is now commonplace, sometimes involving whole families or extended families. In extreme cases, some would even seek temporary refuge in a local hotel so as to avoid being visited by relatives and friends, or having to visit them.
   What's more, most of the cities celebrate it quietly without fireworks and firecrackers, which used to be part of the celebration.
Will the Lunar New Year survive modern living? I do not doubt that it would gradually lose its significance. In a few or more years the Chinese New Year will be taken as a common holiday and fewer people celebrate it. Modern Chinese do not need it any more.