对外经济贸易大学考博英语-1
(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)
Ⅰ.Structure and Vocabulary
Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Choose one of the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence, which is substituted for the underlined word or phrase, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice on the Answer Sheet.
1. 
The research team decided to use an underwater saw to cut the ______ship into sections before lifting it up.
A electrical
B electric
C electricity
D electrifying
2. 
Judgment was suspended till the following Monday because of the lack of evidence.
A changed
B discussed
C postponed
D informed
3. 
The accused man ______his innocence by proving that he was aboard when the murder was committed.
A found
B founded
C ignored
D established
4. 
Mary ______when she found her husband drunk again.
A blew her top
B became abnormal
C was affected
D in opposition
5. 
Tom is ordered to be present at the important meeting,______.
A rain or shine
B more or less
C sooner or later
D for good
6. 
Consumer groups are protesting against higher prices in this city now.
A clothing with
B clinging to
C complaining about
D clutching with
7. 
My wife ______an old dictionary last night.
A came on
B came off
C came out
D came up
8. 
Being poorly dressed can ______your chance of getting a job.
A ruin
B eliminate
C reduce
D endanger
9. 
Two substitutes were used during the basketball games.
A players
B centers
C referees
D replacements
10. 
During the famine many people ______eating grass and leaves.
A felt inclined to
B were confronted with
C got accustomed to
D were reduced to
11. 
The law prohibits occupancy by more than 250 persons in this area.
A forbids
B allows
C promises
D suggests
12. 
Linda could not refuse, ______she foresaw little pleasure in the visit.
A since
B for
C though
D when
13. 
Everyone must have liked the cake because there wasn't even a ______left.
A crutch
B chip
C chop
D clip
14. 
Do you think it is late to ______on a new career?
A disembark
B embark
C remark
D assume
15. 
A series of border incidents inevitably led the two countries to war.
A distinctly
B unavoidably
C regularly
D actually
Ⅱ.Sentence Correcting
Directions: In each of the following sentences there are four parts underlined and marked A, B, C and D. Indicate which of the four parts is incorrectly used and mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.
1. 
(Not too many) years (ago) my mother jogged in the alley behind our house because she was embarrassed (to see) jogging (in public).
A. Not too many          B. ago          C. to see         D. in public
2. 
One expert (remarks) that a computer with (so) many tubes as the brain (has) neurons (would require) the Empire State Building to contain it.
A. remarks               B. so           C. has           D. would require
3. 
(Despite) this similarity with (other) creatures, the evolution of humankind differs from (other species) in (one) important and unique way.
A. Despite              B. other        C. other species    D. one
4. 
The scientists, (concerned about) the potential hazards, wanted (the latest) research finding (made) (publicly).
A. concerned about       B. the latest      C. made          D. publicly
5. 
(Among) all the poems I have read recently, Thomas Hardy's "The Darkling Trust" (seems) the most relevant (to) our (times).
A. Among              B. seems         C. to             D. times
6. 
The president devoted his (energies) to (update) the curricula, (making) the education offered at Washington College as meaningful and usual (as possible).
A. energies             B. update         C. making         D. as possible
7. 
Failure to advertise (could) result in either (reduced) sales and (less) profit (nor) legal actions.
A. could                B. reduced        C. less           D. nor
8. 
Suddenly, Gallup's name was (on everyone's lips); not only (he was) the prophet of the moment, (but) it was generally believed that he had founded (a new) and most important method of prediction.
A. on everyone's lips       B. he was        C. but            D. a new
9. 
Usually you will be (more likely) to find insects (if) you examine finer twigs (rather than) the (coarse) parts of trees.
A. more likely             B. if            C. rather than      D. coarse
10. 
Office revolution (not only) has changed (how) work is done but (redefined) the function of everyone who (works) in an office.
A. not only                B. how          C. redefined       D. works
11. 
It is the interaction (between) people, (rather than) the events that occur in their lives that (are) the main focus (of) social psychology.
A. between                B. rather than     C. are             D. of
12. 
(It is) very hard to believe (that when) Lincoln was born, communications were (a little) faster than (in the days) of Julius Caesar.
A. It is                    B. that when      C. a little           D. in the days
13. 
(Although) we had been present (at) roughly the same time, Mr. Brown saw the situation quite (diffetrent) from (the way) I saw it.
A. Although                B. at             C. different         D. the way
14. 
Some of these studies (have shown) that although some people have trouble (to fall asleep), others have an (equally) difficult time (waking up).
A. have shown              B. to fall asleep     C. equally         D. waking up
15. 
Never before (I have) seen anyone (who has) the skill (John has) when he (repairs) cars.
A. I have                 B. who has          C. John has         D. repairs
Ⅲ.Cloze
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices marked A, B, C and D listed below. Choose the correct answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

   Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change  (1)  the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes  (2)  considered taboo can become perfectly  (3)  and natural  (4)  another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so  (5)  and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the  (6)  of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more  (7)  of the importance of expressing feelings about death and,  (8)  a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.
   One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat.  (9)  many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. It's not taboo to talk about fat; it's taboo to fat. The "  (10)  " look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their  (11)  as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought  (12)  as lazy and  (13)  in energy, self-discipline and self-respect. After all, people think, how can people who care about themselves, and therefore the way. they look, permit themselves to become fat? In an image-conscious society like the U. S., thin is "in", fat is "out".
   It's not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become  (14)  with staying slim and "in shape". The  (15)  of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, their sole reason for America's obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the  (16)  importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style Of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modem machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do  (17)  hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people's bodies can easily become weak and  (18)  to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising. The effect of this new appreciation of the importance of exercise is evident: parks are filled with runners and bicyclists, physical education programs are enjoying a newly found  (19)  , and many companies ate providing special exercise  (20)  for their employees to use during the work day.
1. 
A for
B in
C over
D within
2. 
A now
B once
C never
D sometimes
3. 
A accepted
B accept
C acceptable
D acceptant
4. 
A in
B to
C at
D beside
5. 
A upsetting
B upset
C overturning
D overturned
6. 
A publication
B publicity
C publicize
D duplication
7. 
A conscious
B sensible
C noticed
D aware
8. 
A as
B for
C with
D and
9. 
A Alike
B Unlike
C Like
D As if
10. 
A out
B outside
C inside
D in
11. 
A appearance
B look
C image
D aspect
12. 
A of
B /
C about
D for
13. 
A lacking
B lack
C loss
D short
14. 
A occupied
B absorbed
C engrossed
D obsessed
15. 
A pursue
B persecute
C pursuit
D persecution
16. 
A critic
B critical
C criticizing
D critically
17. 
A at
B by
C on
D out of
18. 
A vulgar
B infected
C vulnerable
D infectious
19. 
A prestige
B presence
C superiority
D prestigious
20. 
A facilities
B equipment
C apparatus
D appliances
Ⅳ.Proofreading
Directions: This part consists of two short passages. In these passages, there are altogether 20 mistakes. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank and then put your answers on the Answer Sheet.

Passage One
   The improbable chain of events that leads Alexander Fleming          1.______
to discover penicillin in 1928 is the stuff which scientific myths      2.______
are made. It was a discovery that would change the course of the
history, The active ingredient in that mold, which Fleming  
named penicillin, turned to be an infection-fighting agent of           3.______
enormous potency. When it was finally recognized as what it
was—the efficacious life-saving drug in the world—penicillin          4.______
would alter forever the treatment of bacterial infections. By the
middle of the century, Fleming's discovery spawned a huge phar-         5.______
maceutical industry, churning out synthetic penicillin that would
conquer some of man-kind's most ancient scourges, including
syphilis, gangrene, and tuberculosis.
   When he died a heart attack in 1955, he was mourned by               6.______
the world and buried as a national hero in the crypt of St. Paul's
Cathedral in London. Although Fleming's scientific work in and
of itself may not have reached great, his singular contribution         7.______
changed the practice of medicine. He deserves our utmost recog-
nition. At the same time, we must bear on mind that the                 8.______
"Fleming Myth", as he called it, embodies the accomplishments
of many giants of anti-biotic development. Fleming is but a cho-
sen representative for the likes of Florey, Chain, Domagk, and
Waksman, many of who remain, sadly, virtual unknowns.                   9.______
Their achievements have made the world a better, healthier
place. In commemorating Fleming, and we commemorate them                10.______
all.
1. 

2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 
Passage Two
   How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue
so well? When we compare with adults learning a foreign                11.______
language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child
without knowledge or experience often succeeds to a complete           12.______
master of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed         13.______
mental powers, in most cases, may end up in a faulty and inex-         14.______
act command. What accounts of this difference?                         15.______
   Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion
lies partly with the child himself, partly in the behavior of the      16.______
people surround him. In the first place, the time of learning the      17.______
mother tongue is the most favorably of all, namely, the first          18.______
years of life. A child hears it speak from morning till night and,     19.______
what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the
right pronunciation, right intonation, right use of words and right
structure. He drinks all the words and expressions which come to       20.______
him in a fresh, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance:
there is perfect assimilation.
11. 

12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
Ⅴ.Translation
Translate the following Chinese sentences into English.
1. 
在一些西方国家，有些父母准备克隆孩子，目的是进行一些非致命器官的移植。
2. 
看在玛丽的份上，我可以把车借给你，以解决你的交通工具问题。
3. 
理论上说，克隆一个孩子以获取器官是可行的，但实际这么做却可能对孩子的心理有害。
4. 
正如这篇文章的作者所警告的，克隆人类可能是一件使人更加悲伤而非更加高兴的事。
5. 
对某些人来说，克隆不克隆的问题在某种意义上可以比作是生还是死的问题。