厦门大学真题2005年
Computerized design, advancfed
materials and new technologies are being used to produce machines of a type
never seen before. It looks as if it came straight from the set of Star Wars. It has four-wheel drive and rises above rocky surfaces. It lowers and raises its nose when going up and down hills. And when it comes to a river, it turns amphibious: two hydrojets power it along by blasting water under its body. There is room for two passengers and a driver, who sit inside a glass bubble operating electronic, aircraft-type controls. A vehicle so daring on land and water needs windscreen wipers--but it doesn't have any. Water molecules are disintegrated on the screen's surface by ultrasonic sensors. This unusual vehicle is the Racoon. It is an invention not of Hollywood but of Renault, a rather conservative French state-owned carmaker, better known for its family hatchbacks. Renault built the Racoon to explore new freedoms for designers and engineers created by advances in materials and manufacturing processes. Renault is thinking about startlingly different cars; other producers have radical new ideas for trains, boats and aeroplanes. The first of the new freedoms is in design. Powerful computer-aided design (CAD) systems can replace with a click of a computer mouse hours of laborious work done on thousands of drawing boards. So new products, no matter how complicated, can be developed much faster. For the first time, Boeing will not have to build a giant replica of its new airliner, the 777, to make sure all the bits fit together. Its CAD sys- tem will take care of that. But Renault is taking CAD further. It claims the Racoon is the world's first vehicle to be designed within the digitized world of virtual reality. Complex programs were used to imitate the vehicle and the land that it was expected to cross. This allowed a team led by Patrick Le Qucment, Renault's industrial-design director, to "drive" it long before a prototype existed. Renault is not alone in thinking that virtual reality will transform automotive de- sign. In Detroit, Ford is also investigating its potential. Jack Telnac, the firm's bead of design, would like designers in different parts of the world to work more closely together, linked by computers. They would do more than style cares. Virtual reality will allow engineers to peer inside the working parts of a vehicle. Designers will watch bearings move, oil flow, gears mesh and hydraulics pump. As these techniques catch on, even stranger vehicles are likely to come along. Transforming these creations from virtual reality to actual reality will also become easier, especially with advances in materials. Firms that once bashed everything out of steel now find that new alloys of composite materials (which can be made from mixtures of plastic, resin, ceramics and metals, reinforced with fibers such as glass of carbon) are changing the rules of manufacturing. At the same time, old materials keep getting better, as their producers try to secure their place in the factory of the future. This competition is increasing the pace of development of all materials. With composites, it is possible to build many different parts into a single component. Fiat, Italy's biggest car maker has worked out that it could reduce the number of components needed in one of its car bodies from 150 to 16 by using a composite shell rather than one made of steel. Aircraft and cars may increasingly be assembled as if they were plastic kits. |
1.How does the Racoon cross water?
A It swims,
B It raises its nose.
C It uses hydrojets.
D It uses its four-wheel drive.
2.What is Renault most famous for?
A Starlingly different cars.
B Fancily cars.
C Advances in design.
D Boat and train design.
3.Why will Boeing not need a replica of the 777?
A It can use computers to check the design.
B It already has enough experience with plans.
C It will not need to upgrade the replica of the previous model.
D It can make sure all the bits fit together.
4.How did Renault test drive the Racoon?
A Over rocky land.
B In actual reality.
C Over French country roads.
D In virtual reality.
5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an ingredient of composite?
A Plastic.
B Resin.
C Glass.
D Steel.
Would you stoop to pick up a found
penny? If you believe in the value of money or the possibility of luck, you
would. Unless, of course, you're a teenager. When Nuveen Investments asked
1000 kids age 12 to 17 to name the sum they would bother to pick up, 58 percent
said a dollar or more. "Some won't give pocket space to coins even if they're
already in hand," says Neale Godfrey author of Money Doesn't Grow on Trees. Many
high schoolers throw away the changes. As one boy explained to her, "what
am I going to do with it?" The cavalier attitude is making some parents rethink the allowance tradition. The weekly stipend is meant to help kids learn about money, but some experts say too much cash--easily handed out in these flush times--and too few obligations can lead to a fiscally irresponsible future. Many kids have a "lack of understanding (of) how hard it is to earn money," says Godfrey. "That is not OK." Allowances, done right, are a way to teach children to plan ahead and choose wisely, to balance saving spending investing, and even philanthropy. Doing it right means deciding ahead of time how much to give and how often to give it. And it re- quires determining what the child's responsibilities will be. "About 50 percent of children between 12 and 18 get an allowance or cash from their parents," says a survey conducted in 1997 by Ohio State university for the U. S Labor Department. The median amount they got was a $ 50 a week. Nationally speaking, about 10 million kids receive a total of around $ 1 billion every week. The problem with a parental open-wallet policy, says Godfrey: "If you're always given money, why would it have any value to you?" Earned money is spent more wisely, she says. "You're teaching them that there is not an entitlement program in life. The way you get it is you earn it." Godfrey thinks an allowance should be chore-based, and she divides work into two categories: citizen-of-the-household chores .and work-for-pay chores. "The punishment for not doing your workfor-pay chores is you don't get paid." Other experts including Jayne Pearl, author of Kids and Money, believe that every family member is entitled to a small piece of the financial pie and that it shouldn't be tied to work. Doing so "complicates things unnecessarily and imbues allowance with power struggles and control is- sues," says Pearl. "I think of an allowance as learning capital...They have to have some money to practise with." "For many kids 3 is a good time to begin getting all allowance," experts say. This sounds early, but it's then that children start understanding the notion of exchanging coins for, say, candy. Deciding how much to give can be tough. "If the parents can afford it, I have them pay their age per week," says Godfrey. "A 3-year-old gets $3." Sound like a lot for a little person? Godfrey's plan takes 10 percent off the top for charity. The remainder is divided into thirds and put into jars. The quick-cash jar "is for instant gratification". This spend--as they choose money--means that candy bars, cards, and other impulse buys are no longer paid for by Mom and Dad, which causes kids to curb many impulses. The second jar is for medium-term savings, meant to be spent on medium-ticket luxuries like in-line skates or a CD player. The final jar is invested for the long term, such as for college. |
6.Nuveen Investments found that ______.
A many kids don't bother to pick up small coins
B few kids want one-dollar coins
C some kids save coins
D no kids want to pick up coins
7.Godfrey feels that ______.
A many kids appreciated the value of coins
B many kids know how hard it is to earn money
C many kids don't know the value of money
D many kids should be given more pocket money
8.The writer feels that allowances ______.
A should not be given to children
B should not be given to young children
C could help children learn many things
D spoil older children
9.Which of the following would Pearl probably agree?
A Children should not be given allowances.
B Children should receive allowances if they help with housework.
C Children should be given allowances whether they help with housework.
D Children should be paid for satisfactorily performing school work.
10.According to Godfrey, if a child has a monthly allowance of $ 100, how much should he/she spend on "impulse buys"?
A $ 10
B $ 30
C $ 33.3
D $ 50
It's been an extraordinarily bad week
for Apple, the well-known American manufacturer of computers and software. In
their quarterly report, the company announced a $ 45 million lose for the three
months ending this September. At the same time, the economics magazine Business
Week stated that Apple had one of the eight worst hoards of directors in the US.
All the while, the firm's chief executive, Steve Jobs, was drawing the highest
salary in corporate America. News like that brings out the experts with their predictions of a collapse--and their "evidence" is abundant. Apple has allowed market share compared to most of its competitors. In 1996, when Gil Amelio was brought in as chief executive, Apple's market share hovered at 7%: Today, its market share is below 3.5%. With Mike Spindler and Gil Amelio running the business the company was plagued by quality problems. Its high specifications laptop, PowerBook 5300, was known as the "flaming book" for its inclination to burst into flames. The company is notoriously had at forecasting. In 1999, it underestimated demand for its PowerPC-based desktops forcing buyers towards its competitors Dell and IBM. Then it overestimated demand in 2000 and 2001, which cast the company $ 1 billion. Surely Apple is about to slide into the footnotes of technology history? First, from a financial perspective, it won't with $ 4. 3 billion in cash and a loyal customer base. It would take almost unimaginable mismanagement. It is true that Apple has lost any operating system battle with its unstoppable rival Microsoft. However the internet has meant that outside of games, the operating system is less and less an issue as now the same information can be viewed and similar software can be transferred across a wide vairiety of platforms. Second, it isn't just how many customers you have that counts. It is also how well connected they are. My informal survey of the group tells me that Apple attracts journalists, consultants and those for whom having the latest technology is not just desirable but an obsession. In fact, for those who care about which is the best operating system, it's not Microsoft Window. It's Apple's late operating system, OS X. This is already the favorite choice for graphics applications: the one that powers most large websites and the internet in general. More important, there is also a growing trend among software developers who have opted for Appel's portables rushing Mac OSX. Californian journalist Jon Udell reckons that Apple may be about to break into the highly profitable markets of small companies and homes. Many large enterprises have started to investigate a variety of systems as a desktop replacement to Windows. Some, like the Scottish police, have taken the plunge and opted for one of those alternatives. And that was before the arrival of the most consumer-friendly operating system of them all. Apple's OSX now being on trial by the Dutch civil service. Should the software break into the enormous American market, large profits are sure to follow. That isn't to say that Apple hardware is going to surge into corporations and leave Microsoft a long way behind. Far from it, the Microsoft share of market will hold fast. But it means that Apple's value proposition is increasingly attractive to customers, whether large or small. Apple still excels at developing new markets, just as it did with publishing and video editing. With OSX, groundbreaking developments are commonplace. Currently, the best web-based news service is Net News Wire Lite, available only to Apple users. Delivering news more quickly and fully than anyone else is the key race being run in an emerging market that will continue to grow according to worldwide surveys of online habits. Things are more different for Apple now than in 1997, when surfing the web on an Apple normally ended in a system crash. Apple is also at the forefront of digital media: this year, its digital music player the iPod will have had a 15% share of the market. This and similar products are merely the first step. Big rewards are expected to follow us to Apple's highly user-friendly software for working with writable CDs and DVDs. |
11.Which of the following statement is not mentioned in the passage?
A At one period, Apple's chief executive had better pay than any other business- man in the States.
B Apple's products have occasionally caught fire during use.
C Apple has at times manufactured either too many or too few products.
D Apple cannot continue to compete for much longer.
12.Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A Nowadays, the operating system you choose is not really important in the case of games.
B Apple's OSX is first in the market when it comes to graphics application.
C People who work as software developers are not interested in using Apple products.
D Large groups are not going to experiment with Apple products.
13.What effect does the writer predict that Apple hardware will have on the sales of Microsoft?
A It will have little effect on Microsoft corporate sales.
B It will give Microsoft a greater market share.
C It will mean that Microsoft customers have cheaper hardwares.
D It will produce a surge in Microsoft sales.
14.The writer claims that at the present time, Apple ______.
A makes the best multimedia software
B is changing its marke6.ng strategy
C is making few truly original developments
D continues to find new areas in which to do business
15.The Net News Wire Lite programme is ______.
A an exemple of successful Interntet software for Apple
B responsible for a change in Internet use by Apple owners
C the fastest Apple news programme available on the Internet
D a program developed to overcome system crashes
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What do women tend to do before their job interviews? |
What change has there been in the number of women in top management positions detailed in the annual survey? |
What aspect of company structuring has disadvantaged women? |
What information tells us that more women are working nowadays? |
Which group of people should change their attitude to recruitment? |
1.The representative presented to the committee a ______ signed by 1,200 electors asking for a thorough probe into the financial scandal surrounding the candidate for the regional legislator.
A post
B letter
C petition
D paper
2.His personality, rather than his good looks, made him popular with others.
A enlisting
B enduring
C enhancing
D engaging
3.Some pundits that many computers are obsolete before they're even de- signed, which goes a long way toward explaining why the ATM at my grocery store never works.
A teach
B praise
C speculate
D institute
4.After exploring for more than half a year the ecologist felt a great ______ resulting from the rare species the team had spotted at the foot of the mountain.
A thrill
B tremble
C lust
D thrift
5.According the report the ailments of the world's poor received ______ attention compared to the diseases of the rich in the past decade.
A solid
B scant
C highlighting
D flourishing
6.The company was financially ______ and almost went to bankruptcy during last year's economic recession.
A corrupt
B cornered
C ingredient
D covered
7.Todey this city is a highly skilled society without the urban sprawl and rural poverty that ______ larger nations.
A reflect
B motivate
C Conflict
D afflict
8.The employees tried to avoid every risk that might ______ her displeasure during the first month after she was divorced by her husband.
A indebt
B indicate
C incur
D incline
9.Tile prospect has infuriated ordinary Mexicans, who have seen the purchasing power of their paychecks more than 40% since 1982.
A hurned
B broken
C polluted
D eroded
10.His theories, though criticized by economists of more orthodox bent, have had enormous ______ on government fiscal policy.
A restraint
B impact
C acceptance
D reliance
11.His attitude toward social welfare legislation, based entirely on his perception of himself as a self-made man, ______ him the support of the voters in the state's economically depressed.
A earned
B cost
C divested
D evoked
12.Despite the fact that the two council members belonged to different political parties. They ______ the issue of how to finance the town debt.
A complicated
B agreed on
C avoided
D reported on
13.In this densely populated city, acid rain is ______; it is a sign both of industrialization and pollution.
A prevalent
B productive
C popular
D possible
A constructive
B conservative
C affirmative
D progressive
15.We were most flattered to find that we had a wonderfully audience for last night's performance.
A responsible
B reflected
C reactive
D responsive
16.In order to earn stronger support, the candidate claimed that the new law would al- low more women and disabled people to enter the ______ of American life.
A society
B artery
C center
D mainstream
17.According to the weather forecast, which is usually ______. It will snow this afternoon.
A exact
B precise
C accurate
D perfect
18.Unless all staff members agree to ______ to the plan, there may be further changes in the course of action.
A infer
B prefer
C adhere
D assure
19.The young man was deeply hurt because his proposal was rejected and, to a certain extent, ______ at by the group's members.
A sneered
B smiled
C simulated
D stimulated
20.The competition was intense because there were four parties that planned to ______ for power in the congress.
A confess
B contend
C consist
D conflict
21.The young artist had not expected to find such an idem attic in that ______ building, which had been abandoned several years earlier by a sewing machine manufacturer.
A run-off
B run-down
C run-about
D run-away
22.After an hour's discussion, the curriculum designers and computer programmers reached a consensus: that the new package of language learning materials should be both amusing and ______ for the users.
A enlightening
B enforcing
C engulfing
D enjoining
23.John used to be such a computer buff that he spent a large part of his income ______ his computer whenever a new CPU was introduced.
A imbibeing
B modifying
C increasing
D upgrading
24.In order to be more productive and efficient, the board decided to ______ a sound system of operation.
A institute
B inspire
C infer
D induct
25.According to the instructor, students who are absent from, lectures more than three times will be ______ in the end of the semester assessment.
A reviewed
B dismantled
C penalized
D revived
26.The connoisseurs' opinions differed greatly as to the question whether the picture on show was a(n) ______ Picasso painting.
A explicit
B reliable
C stringent
D authentic
27.Gore made a call to Bush to his defeat in the election, but he soon retracted it as word spread that the ballots had been recounted.
A acknowledge
B reckon
C confess
D proclaim
28.San Francisco ______ for its mild climate, beautiful environment and many tourist attractions, such as the Colden Gate Bridge and the Golden Gate Park.
A endured
B measured
C celebrated
D interplayed
29.In anticipation of their forthcoming debut CD, the rock band went on tour to ______ it, in the hope of increasing their following.
A stoop
B entitle
C capture
D promote
30.She complained that the treatment she received in the hospital had completely ______ her of her dignity.
A frustrated
B confronted
C deprived
D examined
31.The government's radical policies, together with international sanctions, ______ the unemployment rate in the country.
A accelerated
B diffused
C impacted
D converted
32.The most ______ argument for persuading people to wear seat belts is the number of lives they save.
A imposing
B telling
C evoking
D citing
33.The opposition leader accused government ministers of ______ the statistics to suit themselves.
A tempting
B blending
C manipulating
D confusing
34.To get the ship back into full working order would ______ spending huge amounts of money and effort.
A elate
B elaborate
C eject
D entail
35.The problem ______ serious moral and ethical dilemmas much more worthy of consideration than those of genetic engineering and the like.
A probes
B poses
C exposes
D deports
36.No matter what he said to you, his manner showed an ______ that he did not actually agree with the proposal.
A objection
B implication
C enlightenment
D approach
37.During the period of economic recession, daily necessities were in short supply and had to be ______.
A rationed
B separated
C assigned
D designated
38.As she has a kindly, outgoing nature, she is a ______ hostess and has a wide circle of very good friends.
A soberminded
B stringent
C superb
D assiduous
39.He believes that religion has the capacity to function as the "cement" holding all of a society's institutions together in a ______ whole.
A conscientious
B prosperous
C cohesive
D dimensional
40.All plants need light, a suitable climate, and a(n) ______ supply of water and minerals from the soil, but some species grow best in the sun and others thrive in the shade.
A boundless
B supplementary
C continual
D ample
1.1.我们在学习或工作都要与人共事,有的人喜欢与兴趣相同、观点一致的人相处。 2.而有的人就不这么认为…… 3.我的观点……